Herbal Medicines used to tonify Kidney and ameliorate the marrow microenvironment were applied in the treatment of 50 patients of aplastic anemia. Stanazol was also used to some cases. Forty-one cases (82.0%) responded well. It is significantly better than the 56.5% response among those treated with stanazol alone. Experimentally

the herbal medicines appear to stimulate hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation

improve the marrow microenvironment and repair marrow damage induced by cyclophosphamide in vivo. The hemopoietic promoting effect might be partly due to the desialation of the marrow stroma cells. The herbal medicines also exert a positive effect on immune system by increasing leukocyte phagocytic activity and elevating the interleukin-2 production. Moreover

the decrease of superoxide dismutase resulting from cyclophosphamide injection could be reversed by the use of the herbal medicines. In conclusion

to tonify the Kidney and ameliorate marrow microenvironment medicines produce broad biological results that are beneficial to the body.