Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape

Xue-gang Sun; Xiao-chang Lin; Jian-xin Diao; Zhi-ling Yu; Kun Li

doi:10.1007/s11655-015-2086-5

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Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape

Updated：2021-08-27

- Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape
- Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine Vol. 22, Issue 10, Pages: 789-794(2016)
- Affiliations：
  
  1. Department of Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,China
  2. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,China
  3. Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University,Hong Kong,SAR,China
  4. China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing,China
- Author bio：
- Funds：
  
  Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81273621), Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2014A030313323)
- DOI：10.1007/s11655-015-2086-5
  CLC：
- Published：2016，
  
  Published Online：10 November 2015，
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Sun, Xg., Lin, Xc., Diao, Jx. et al. Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 22, 789–794 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-015-2086-5

Xue-gang Sun, Xiao-chang Lin, Jian-xin Diao, et al. Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape. [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 22(10):789-794(2016)
Sun, Xg., Lin, Xc., Diao, Jx. et al. Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 22, 789–794 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-015-2086-5 DOI：

Xue-gang Sun, Xiao-chang Lin, Jian-xin Diao, et al. Pi (Spleen)-deficiency syndrome in tumor microenvironment is the pivotal pathogenesis of colorectal cancer immune escape. [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 22(10):789-794(2016) DOI： 10.1007/s11655-015-2086-5.

摘要

Cancer immunoediting consists of three sequential phases: elimination

equilibrium

and escape. For colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence

the adenoma dysplastic progression may represent an equilibrium phase and the cancer stage as escape phase. Immune system eliminates transformed enterocytes by destroying them at first

sculpts them at the same time and selects the variants subsequently that are no longer recognized and insensitive to immune effectors

and finally induces immunosuppressive state within the tumor microenvironment that facilitates immune escape and tumor outgrowth. Immunosuppression and inflammation are the two crucial features of Pi (Spleen)-deficiency. Classic quotations

immune evidence and clinical observations suggest that Spleen (but not other organs) deficiency is the key pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment. Weakness of old age

immunosuppressive cytokines from chronic inflammation

tumor-derived immunosuppressive factors and surrendered immune cells—regulatory T cells

myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) constitutes CRC microenvironment of Pi-deficiency. Furthermore

excess in superficiality

such as phlegm stagnation

blood stasis and toxin accumulation are induced by chronic inflammation on the basis of asthenia in origin

an immunosuppressive state. Great masters of Chinese medicine emphasize that strengthen Pi is the chief therapeutic principle for CRC which receives good therapeutic effects. So

Pi-deficiency based syndrome is the pivotal pathogenesis of tumor microenvironment. The immunosuppressive microenvironment facilitates immune escape which play an important role in the transition from adenoma to adenocarcinoma. There are some signs that strengthen Pi based treatment has potential capacity to ameliorate tumor environment. It might be a novel starting point to explore the mechanism of strengthen Pi based therapy in the prevention and treatment of CRC through regulation of tumor environment and immunoediting.

Abstract

Cancer immunoediting consists of three sequential phases: elimination

equilibrium

and escape. For colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence

the adenoma dysplastic progression may represent an equilibrium phase and the cancer stage as escape phase. Immune system eliminates transformed enterocytes by destroying them at first

sculpts them at the same time and selects the variants subsequently that are no longer recognized and insensitive to immune effectors

immune evidence and clinical observations suggest that Spleen (but not other organs) deficiency is the key pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment. Weakness of old age

immunosuppressive cytokines from chronic inflammation

tumor-derived immunosuppressive factors and surrendered immune cells—regulatory T cells

myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) constitutes CRC microenvironment of Pi-deficiency. Furthermore

excess in superficiality

such as phlegm stagnation

blood stasis and toxin accumulation are induced by chronic inflammation on the basis of asthenia in origin

an immunosuppressive state. Great masters of Chinese medicine emphasize that strengthen Pi is the chief therapeutic principle for CRC which receives good therapeutic effects. So

关键词

immunoeditingSpleen (Pi)-deficiencytumor microenvironmentcolorectal cancerinflammationChinese medicine syndrome

Keywords

immunoeditingSpleen (Pi)-deficiencytumor microenvironmentcolorectal cancerinflammationChinese medicine syndrome

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