Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II)

Arthur Yin Fan; Jun Xu; Yong-ming Li

doi:10.1007/s11655-017-2800-6

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Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II)

Updated：2021-08-27

- Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II)
- Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine Vol. 23, Issue 2, Pages: 83-90(2017)
- Affiliations：
  
  1. The American Alliance for Professional Acupuncture Safety,Greenwich,USA
  2. American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association,Vienna,USA
  3. American Acupuncture Association of Greater New York,New York,USA
- Author bio：
- Funds：
  
  The references 1–35 are available in Chin J Integr Med 2017;23:3-9. The White Paper (II) will be continued in next issue of this journal
- DOI：10.1007/s11655-017-2800-6
  CLC：
- Published：2017，
  
  Published Online：7 March 2017，
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Fan, A.Y., Xu, J. & Li, Ym. Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II)., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 23, 83–90 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-017-2800-6

Arthur Yin Fan, Jun Xu, Yong-ming Li. Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II). [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 23(2):83-90(2017)
Fan, A.Y., Xu, J. & Li, Ym. Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II)., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 23, 83–90 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-017-2800-6 DOI：

Arthur Yin Fan, Jun Xu, Yong-ming Li. Evidence and expert opinions: Dry needling versus acupuncture (II). [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 23(2):83-90(2017) DOI： 10.1007/s11655-017-2800-6.

摘要

In the United States and other Western countries

dry needling has been a topic in academic and legal fields. This White Paper is to provide the authoritative information of dry needling versus acupuncture to academic scholars

healthcare professionals

administrators

policymakers

and the general public by providing the authoritative evidence and expertise regarding critical issues of dry needling and reaching a consensus. We conclude that Dr. Travell

Dr. Gunn

Dr. Baldry and others who have promoted dry needling by simply rebranding (1) acupuncture as dry needling and (2) acupuncture points as trigger points (dry needling points). Dry needling simply using English biomedical terms (especially using "fascia" hypothesis) in replace of their equivalent Chinese medical terms. Dry needling is an over-simplified version of acupuncture derived from traditional Chinese acupuncture except for emphasis on biomedical language when treating neuromuscularskeletal pain (dry needling promoters redefined it as "myofascial pain"). Trigger points belong to the category of Ashi acupuncture points in traditional Chinese acupuncture

and they are not a new discovery. By applying acupuncture points

dry needling is actually trigger point acupuncture

an invasive therapy (a surgical procedure) instead of manual therapy. Dr. Travell admitted to the general public that dry needling is acupuncture

and acupuncture professionals practice dry needling as acupuncture therapy and there are several criteria in acupuncture profession to locate trigger points as acupuncture points. Among acupuncture schools

dry needling practitioners emphasize acupuncture's local responses while other acupuncturists pay attention to the responses of both local

distal

and whole body responses. For patients' safety

dry needling practitioners should meet standards required for licensed acupuncturists and physicians.

Abstract

In the United States and other Western countries

dry needling has been a topic in academic and legal fields. This White Paper is to provide the authoritative information of dry needling versus acupuncture to academic scholars

healthcare professionals

administrators

policymakers

and the general public by providing the authoritative evidence and expertise regarding critical issues of dry needling and reaching a consensus. We conclude that Dr. Travell

Dr. Gunn

and they are not a new discovery. By applying acupuncture points

dry needling is actually trigger point acupuncture

an invasive therapy (a surgical procedure) instead of manual therapy. Dr. Travell admitted to the general public that dry needling is acupuncture

dry needling practitioners emphasize acupuncture's local responses while other acupuncturists pay attention to the responses of both local

distal

and whole body responses. For patients' safety

dry needling practitioners should meet standards required for licensed acupuncturists and physicians.

关键词

dry needlingacupuncturetrigger pointsacupuncture pointsinvasive therapyevidenceexpertiseconsensus

Keywords

dry needlingacupuncturetrigger pointsacupuncture pointsinvasive therapyevidenceexpertiseconsensus

references

Fan AY, Xu J, Li YM. Evidence and expert opinions: drying needling versus acupuncture (I)—The American Alliance for Professional Acupuncture Safety (AAPAS) White Paper 2016. Chin J Integr Med 2017;23:3–9.

Nichols HW. Ancient pain-killing method works, while US scientists don't know why. Albany Democrat-Herald (Albany), March 21, 1947. Available at http://www. newspapers.com. Accessed October 3, 2016.

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Melzack R, Stillwell DM, Fox EJ. Trigger points and acupuncture points for pain: correlations and implications. Pain 1977;3:3–23.

Birch S. Trigger point–acupuncture point correlations revisited. J Altern Complem Med 2004;9:91–103.

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Dorsher PT, Fleckenstein J. Trigger points and classical acupuncture points: Part 2. Clinical correspondences in treating pain and somatovisceral disorders. Ger J Acupunct Relat Tech 2008;51:6–11.

Dorsher PT. Can classical acupuncture points and trigger points be compared in the treatment of pain disorders? Birch's analysis revisited. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:353–359.

Fan AY, Yang G, Zheng L. Response to Dommerholt and Stanborough re: ''Evidence that dry needling is the intent to bypass regulation to practice acupuncture in the United States''. J Altern Complem Med 2017. DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0394.

Hong CZ. Myofascial trigger points: pathophysiology and correlation with acupuncture points. Acupunct Med 2000;18:41–47.

Liu L, Skinner MA, McDonough SM, Baxter GD. Traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture and myofascial trigger needling: the same stimulation points? Complement Ther Med 2016;26:28–32.

Hao JK, ed. Atlas of Extro-meridian acupuncture points. Revised Ed. Beijing: People's Military Medicine Press; 2011.

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Chen Q, Bensamoun S, Basford JR, Thompson JM, An KN. Identification and quantification of myofascial taut bands with magnetic resonance elastography. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007;88:1658–1661.

Chen Q, Wang HJ, Gay RE, Thompson JM, Manduca A, An KN, et al. Quantification of myofascial taut bands. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016;97:67–73.

Shah JP, Danoff JV, Desai MJ, Parikh S, Nakamura LY, Phillips TM, et al. Biochemicals associated with pain and inflammation are elevated in sites near to and remote from active myofascial trigger points. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89:16–23.

Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. FSBPT dry needling resource paper (Intramuscular Manual Therapy). 4th ed. Available at: http://www.fsbpt.org/download/dryneed lingresourcepaper_4thedition.pdf Accessed Dec 10, 2016.

Kinetacare. Intramuscular manual therapy (AKA Trigger Point Needling). Available at: http://www.kinetacare.com/physicaltherapy/Intramuscular-Manual-Therapy-AKA-Trigger-Point-Needling/page27.html Accessed Dec 10. 2016.

Sportscare Physical Therapy. What is intramuscular manual therapy? Available at: http://www.sportscarephysicaltherapy. com/intramuscular-manual-therapy/ Accessed Dec 10, 2016.

Attorney General of Washington, Ferguson RW. Scope of practice of physical therapy: the practice of dry needling does not fall within the scope of practice of a licensed physical therapist. Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5771d62c59cc685163c0ac79/t/57a970f0ff7c503 7a8bc85ea/1470722293467/Washington+Attorney+General%E2%80%99s+Opinion.pdf Accessed Dec 10, 2016.

National Center for Acupuncture Safety and Integrity. Thirteen facts you need to know about dry needling. Available at: https://www.acupuncturesafety.org/. Accessed Dec 10, 2016.

International Veterinary Acupuncture Society. What is veterinary acupuncture? Available at: https://www.ivas.org/ about-ivas/what-is-veterinary-acupuncture/. Accessed Dec 19, 2016.

California medical association. AMA Policy states H-475.983 definition of surgery. In: 2012 AMA Interim Meeting Highlights (as of 11/13/12). Available at: http://www.cmanet. org/files/assets/news/2012/11/ama-highlights-111312.pdf. Accessed Dec 19, 2016.

The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. AAPM&R position on dry needling. Available at: https://www.aapmr.org/docs/default-source/protectedadvocacy/ Position-Statements/aapmr-position-on-dryneedling. pdf?sfvrsn=2. Accessed Dec 19, 2016.

American Medical Association. Physicians take on timely public health issues. AMA Wire. Jun 15, 2016. Available at http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/ama-wire/post/physicianstimely-public-health-issues. Accessed Dec 19, 2016.

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