Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical syndrome with a series of clinical manifestations and metabolic disorders caused by many diseases

which are characterized by progressive deterioration or irreversible damage of renal structures and functions. With the progress of epidemiological research

CKD has brought about huge economic and psychological burdens. There is a considerable risk of cardiovascular events or death than progression to end-stage renal disease for patients. Particular attentions should be paid to the new goals of reducing cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. It is important to analyze the etiology and pathogenesis according to patients' ages

regions

primary disease as well as different stages of disease

and choose the appropriate therapeutic strategies accordingly. In clinical practice

due to the uncertainty of therapeutic effects of modern medicine based on the risk factors

it is necessary to use Chinese medicine (CM) to delay the disease progression and reduce comorbidities. Turbid toxin and blood stasis are two critical pathological factors worthy of concerns in the theory of CM. In addition

appropriate use of CM may help improve the quality of life of patients with CKD.