Latest Issue
      Vol. 28 ， Issue 9 ， 2022

        Original Article

      • Chun-mei WANG,Xiang-feng GUO,Li-min LIU,Ying HUANG,Liang MENG,Li-po SONG,Ying-feng WU,Ya-chan NING,Kathleen H. Reilly,Hai-bo WANG
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 771-778(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2894-3
        Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention among real-world surgical inpatients who received panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) combined with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted among surgical patients between January 2016 and November 2018 in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Participants received LMWH alone or PNS combined with LMWH for preventing DVT. The primary outcome was incidence of lower extremity DVT, which was screened once a week. Participants in the LMWH group were given LMWH (enoxaparin) via hypodermic injection, 4000-8000 AxaIU once daily. Participants in the exposure group received PNS (Xuesaitong oral tablets, 100 mg, 3 times daily) combined with LMWH given the same as LMWH group.Results:Of the 325 patients screened for the study, 281 participants were included in the final analysis. The cohort was divided into PNS + LMWH group and LMWH group with 134 and 147 participants, respectively. There was a significant difference of DVT incidence between two groups (P=0.01), with 21 (15.7%) incident DVT in the PNS + LMWH group, and 41 (27.9%) incident DVT in the LMWH group. Compared with participants without DVT, the participants diagnosed with DVT were older and had higher D-dimer level. The multivariate logistic regression model showed a significant lower risk of incident DVT among participants in the PNS + LMWH group compared with the LMWH group (odds ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval, 0.25-0.86). There were no significant differences in thromboelaslography values (including R, K, Angle, and MA) and differences in severe bleeding between two groups. No symptomatic pulmonary embolism occurred during the study.Conclusion:Combined application of PNS and LMWH can effectively reduce the incidence of DVT among surgical inpatients compared with LMWH monotherapy, without increased risk of bleeding.  
        Keywords：panax notoginseng saponins;deep vein thrombosis;low-molecular-weight heparin;thromboelastography;risk factor   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Xin-yu JI,Yan MA,Shuai SHI,Si-hong LIU,Lin TONG,Cheng LYU,Hua-min ZHANG,Yan-ping WANG
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 779-784(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2880-1
        Abstract：Objectives:To summarize the measures and rules of Chinese medicine (CM) and provide reference for clinical application in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).Methods:The data source was from CM COVID-19 prevention and treatment programs on government websites and official media websites of the different provinces and cities. The search lasted from December 8, 2019 to March 10, 2020. Main variables were medication frequency and combinations of medicines. Cluster analysis and complex network analysis were used by prevention and treatment stage and by area.Results:Among 27 CM diagnosis and treatment plans, 203 therapeutic prescriptions were enrolled, of which the top 4 herbs were: Radix glycyrrhizae, Semen armeniacae amarum, Herba ephedrae, and Herba agastachis, respectively. The core combinations were Herba ephedrae and Semen armeniacae amarum. Forty-eight preventive formulae were identified. Ten herbs, including Radix Astragali seu hedysari, Radix glycyrrhizae, Radix saposhnikoviae, Flos lonicerae, etc. were most frequently used. The core prescription of CM compatibility was Radix astragali seu hedysari, Radix glycyrrhizae, and Radix saposhnikoviae, which is the main component of Yu Ping Feng San. There were 45 prevention and treatment prescriptions in East China; the most used CM was Radix glycyrrhizae, Herba agastachis, Pericarpium citri reticulatae, and Gypsum fibrosum. Fifty prescriptions were identified in North China. According to CM analyses, Herba agastachis, Semen armeniacae amarum, Herba ephedrae, and Poria were most frequently used.Conclusions:CM for COVID-19 prevention mainly focuses on improving human immunity; for treatment, prescription focuses on clearing the lungs and removing dampness. Prescriptions vary with regions, perhaps due to climatic and environmental differences, which help clinicians to quickly make CM plans and treat patients according to clinical status, further minimizing resource wastage.  
        Keywords：COVID-19;Chinese medicine;regularity of medication   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Yi-ping LI,Ting-ting QIANG,Ke-yan WANG,Xiao-long WANG
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 785-793(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2891-6
        Abstract：Objective:To investigate the regulatory roles of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SXBXW) in neointimal formation and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) invasion and apoptosis as well as the potential molecular mechanisms using cultured VSMCs model of vascular injury (platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-timulated) in vitro.Methods:VSMCs were randomly assigned to 5 groups: blank, PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL+ 0.1% DMSO), SXBXW-L (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + SXBXW low dose 0.625 g/L), SXBXW-M (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + SXBXW medium dose 1.25 g/L) and SXBXW-H (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL+ SXBXW high dose 2.5 g/L) group. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, the migration effects were detected by Transwell assay, cell apoptosis rate was measured by the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis kit. The markers of contractile phenotype of VSMCs were detected with immunofluorescent staining. To validate the effects of miR-451 in regulating proliferation, migration and apoptosis treated with SXBXW, miR-451 overexpression experiments were performed, the VSMCs were exposed to PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + 0.1% DMSO and later divided into 4 groups: mimic-NC (multiplicity of infection, MOI=50), SXBXW (1.25 g/L) + mimic-NC, mimic-miR451 (MOI=50), and SXBXW (1.25 g/L) + mimic-miR451, and alterations of proteins related to the miR-451 pathway were analyzed using Western blot.Results:PDGF-BB induced VSMCs injury causes acceleration of proliferation and migration. SXBXW inhibited phenotypic switching, proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs. In addition, miR-451 was shown to be down-regulated in the VSMCs following PDGF-BB stimulation. SXBXW treatment enhanced the expression of miR-451 in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs (P<0.05). Compared with SXBXW + mimic-NC and mimic-miR451 groups, the expression of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta (Ywhaz) and p53 was further reduced in SXBXW + mimic-miR451 group, while activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) was increased in VSMCs (P<0.05).Conclusion:SXBXW regulated proliferation, migration and apoptosis via activation of miR-451 through ATF2, p53 and Ywhaz in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs.  
        Keywords：Shexiang Baoxin Pills;miR-451;platelet-derived growth factor-BB-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation;apoptosis   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Ming-qing ZHANG,Qiang ZHANG,Wei YUAN,Jun-yuan WU,Yong LIANG,Hong-jie QIN,Chun-sheng LI
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 794-801(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2876-x
        Abstract：Objective:To investigate the effects of Shenfu Injection (SFI) on endothelial damage in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock (HS).Methods:After being bled to a mean arterial pressure of 40±3 mm Hg and held for 60 min, 32 pigs were treated with a venous injection of either shed blood (transfusion group), shed blood and saline (saline group), shed blood and SFI (SFI group) or without resuscitation (sham group). Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after HS. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), serum interleuking (IL)-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM -1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 proteins were determined by Western blot.Results:The serum level of TNF-α in the SFI group was significantly lower than in the other groups at 0, 1, and 2 h after HS, while the level of IL-6 was lower at 4 and 6 h compared with the saline group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The concentration of serum IL-10 was significantly higher in the SFI group than in the other groups at 0, 1, 4, and 6 h after HS (P<0.01). Western blot and immunohistochemistry of vascular tissue showed that the expression of caspase-3 was downregulated, and that of Bcl-2 and Bax was upregulated in the SFI group compared to other groups (P<0.05).Conclusion:SFI attenuated endothelial injury in the porcine model of HS by inhibiting cell apoptosis, suppressing the formation of proinflammatory cytokines, and reducing endothelial activation.  
        Keywords：hemorrhagic shock;Shenfu Injection;vascular endothelial damage;Chinese medicine   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Bo-Ra Jeon,Muhammad Irfan,Seung Eun Lee,Jeong Hoon Lee,Man Hee Rhee
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 802-808(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2873-0
        Abstract：Objective:To examine the antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity of Rumex acetosella extract.Methods:Standard light aggregometry was used for platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium mobilization assessed using Fura-2/AM, granule secretion (ATP release) by luminometer, and fibrinogen binding to integrin αⅡbβ3 detected using flow cytometry. Western blotting is carried out to determine the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling.Results:Rumex acetosella displayed the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, calcium mobilization, granule secretion, and fibrinogen binding to integrin αⅡbβ3. Rumex acetosella has also down-regulated MAPK and PI3K/Akt phosphorylation (all P<0.01).Conclusion:Rumex acetosella extract exhibits antiplatelet activity via modulating GPVI signaling, and it may protect against the development of platelet-related cardiovascular diseases.  
        Keywords：antiplatelet;ethnomedicine;integrin αⅡbβ3;mitogen-activated protein kinase;Rumex acetosella L.   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Ling DING,Hong YE,Long-dian GU,An-qing DU,Xin-lu YUAN
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 809-816(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2893-4
        Abstract：Objectives:To evaluate the effect of echinacoside (ECH) on cognitive dysfunction in post cerebral stroke model rats.Methods:The post stroke cognitive impairment rat model was created by occlusion of the transient middle cerebral artery (MCAO). The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups by a random number table: the sham group (sham operation), the MCAO group (received operation for focal cerebral ischemia), and the ECH group (received operation for focal cerebral ischemia and ECH 50 mg/kg per day), with 6 rats in each group. The infarct volume and spatial learning were evaluated by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and Morris water maze. The expression of α7nAChR in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry. The contents of acetylcholine (ACh), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The neural apoptosis and autophagy were determined by TUNEL staining and LC3 staining, respectively.Results:ECH significantly lessened the brain infarct volume and ameliorated neurological deficit in infarct volume and water content (both P<0.01). Compared with MCAO rats, administration of ECH revealed shorter escape latency and long retention time at 7, 14 and 28 days (all P<0.01), increased the α7nAChR protein expression, ACh content, and ChAT activity, and decreased AChE activity in MCAO rats (all P<0.01). ECH significantly decreased MDA content and increased the GSH content, SOD, and CAT activities compared with MCAO rats (all P<0.05). ECH suppressed neuronal apoptosis by reducing TUNEL-positive cells and also enhanced autophagy in MCAO rats (all P<0.01).Conclusion:ECH treatment helped improve cognitive impairment by attenuating neurological damage and enhancing autophagy in MCAO rats.  
        Keywords：cerebral ischemia;cognitive impairment;autophagy;echinacoside;cholinergic activity   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Juan LU,Yue YU,Xiao-jing WANG,Rui-ping CHAI,Xin-kai LYU,Ming-hui DENG,Mei-geng HU,Yun QI,Xi CHEN
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 817-822(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3292-y
        Abstract：Objective:To study the mechanism of Shengmai Injection (SMI) on anti-sepsis and protective activities of intestinal mucosal barrier.Methods:The contents of 11 active components of SMI including ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, ophioposide D, schisandrol A and schisantherin A were determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Fifty mice were randomly divided into the blank, the model, the low-, medium- and high-dose SMI groups (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 mL/kg, respectively) by random number table, 10 mice in each group. In SMI group, SMI was administrated to mice daily via tail vein injection for 3 consecutive days, while the mice in the blank and model groups were given 0.1 mL of normal saline. One hour after the last SMI administration, except the blank group, the mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) saline solution (2 mL/kg) at a dosage of 5 mL/kg for development of endotoxemia mice model. The mice in the blank group were given the same volume of normal saline. Inflammatory factors including interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10 were measured by flow cytometry. Myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) levels, and change of Occludin proteins in jejunum samples were analyzed by Western blot.Results:The decreasing trends of INF-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 were found in serum of SMI treatment groups. In SMI-treated mice, the content of Occludin increased and MLCK protein decreased compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The content of cellular and nuclear NF-κB did not change significantly (P>0.05).Conclusion:SMI may exert its anti-sepsis activity mainly through NF-κB-pro-inflammatory factor-MLCK-TJ cascade.  
        Keywords：Shengmai Injection;sepsis;intestinal mucosal barrier;mechanism;Chinese medicine   
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        Published：2022-09-08

        Acupuncture Research

      • Sen GUO,Jing ZHOU,Liang ZHANG,Chun-hui BAO,Ji-meng ZHAO,Yan-ling GAO,Pin WU,Zhi-jun WENG,Yin SHI
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 823-832(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2888-1
        Abstract：Objective:To explore whether acupuncture combined with moxibustion could inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Crohn's disease by affecting the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3/Snail pathway.Methods:Sixty-three patients with Crohn's disease were randomly divided into an observation group (31 cases) receiving moxibustion at 43 ℃ combined with acupuncture, and a control group (32 cases) receiving moxibustion at 37 ℃ combined with sham acupuncture using a random number table. Patients were treated for 12 weeks. Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was used to evaluate disease activity. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to observe the morphological and ultrastructural changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), TβR1, TβR2, Smad3, Snail, E-cadherin and fibronectin in intestinal mucosal tissues.Results:The decrease of the CDAI score, morphological and ultrastructural changes were more significant in observation group. The expression levels of TGF-β1, TβR2, Smad3, and Snail in the observation group were significantly lower than those before the treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). After treatment, the expression levels of TGF-β1, TβR2, and Snail in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05); compared with the control group, the expression of fibronectin in the observation group was significantly decreased, and the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased (all P<0.05).Conclusions:Moxibustion at 43 ℃ combined with acupuncture may suppress TGF-β1/Smad3/Snail pathway-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of intestinal epithelial cells in Crohn's disease patients by inhibiting the expression levels of TGF-β1, TβR2, Smad3, and Snail. (Registration No. ChiCTR-IIR-16007751)  
        Keywords：Crohn's disease;moxibustion;acupuncture;transforming growth factor β1/Smad3/Snail pathway;intestinal epithelial-mesenchymal transition   
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        Published：2022-09-08
      • Feng-jiao WANG,She SHI,Yong-qiang WANG,Ke WANG,Shen-dong FAN,Ya-nan ZHANG,Chen-chen FENG,Zi-yong JU
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 833-839(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2896-1
        Abstract：Objective:To study the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) in rats.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into 3 groups using a random number table: the control group, the OIPN group, and the EA (OIPN + EA) group, with 10 rats in each. The time courses of mechanical, cold sensitivity, and microcirculation blood flow intensity were determined. The morphology of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was observed by electron microscopic examination. The protein levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the transient receptor potential (TRP) protein family in DRGs were assayed by Western blot.Results:EA treatment significantly reduced mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia in OIPN rats (P<0.01). Notably, oxaliplatin treatment resulted in impaired microcirculatory blood flow and pathomorphological defects in DRGs (P<0.01). EA treatment increased the microcirculation blood flow and attenuated the pathological changes induced by oxaliplatin (P<0.01). In addition, the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were down-regulated, and the TRP protein family was over-expressed in the DRGs of OIPN rats (P<0.01). EA increased the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 and decreased the level of TRP protein family in DRG (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:EA may be a potential alternative therapy for OIPN, and its mechanism may be mainly mediated by restoring the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.  
        Keywords：electroacupuncture;oxaliplatin;peripheral neuropathy;dorsal root ganglion;nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2   
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        Published：2022-09-08

        Clinical Experience

      • Dan-ping XU,Jun-peng XU,Zhi-ling HE,Guang-ming PAN,Xia WANG
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 840-846(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2874-z
        Abstract：Objective:To analyse the correlation between the characteristics of coronary plaque in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with phlegm-blood stasis syndrome (PBS) and blood stasis syndrome (BSS).Methods:Patients were divided into different groups based on Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome differentiation. The baseline demographics and clinical variables were collected from the medical records. Additionally, the characteristics of plaque and pathological manifestations in coronary artery were evaluated using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).Results:A total of 213 CHD patients were enrolled in two groups: 184 were diagnosed with PBS and the remaining 29 were diagnosed with BSS. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, proportions of patients with high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hyperlipidemia, history of coronary artery bypass graft and percutaneous coronary intervention, medications, index from cardiac ultrasound image, blood lipids and C-reactive protein between the two groups (P>0.05), except gender, weight and proportions of IVUS observed target vessels (P<0.05 or P<0.01). More adverse events such as acute myocardial infarction (P=0.003) and unstable angina (P=0.048) were observed in BSS. Additionally, dissection, thrombus and coronary artery ectasia were significantly increased in BSS (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In contrast, PBS had more patients with stable angina and chronic total occlusion with significantly higher SYNTAX (synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with Taxus and coronary artery bypass surgery) scores (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, dense-calcium was significantly elevated in PBS (P<0.01).Conclusions:Coronary plaque characteristics were correlated with different CM syndromes. Patients with PBS were associated with a higher degree of calcified plaque and severe coronary artery stenosis, indicating poor clinical prognosis but with a low probability of acute coronary events. In contrast, the degree of calcified plaque in patients with BSS remained relatively low, and plaque was more vulnerable, resulting in the possibility of the occurrence of acute coronary events remaining high.  
        Keywords：coronary heart disease;coronary plaque;intravascular ultrasound;Chinese medicine syndrome;syndrome differentiation   
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        Published：2022-09-08

        Data Mining Research

      • Hong-xin GUO,Jian-ru WANG,Guang-cao PENG,Ping LI,Ming-jun ZHU
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 847-854(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2892-5
        Abstract：Objective:To summarize the medication rules of Chinese herbs to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) based on data mining and to provide references for clinical utilization.Methods:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database (Wanfang), VIP database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM), PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to October 2021 to identify relevant literature on treating HFPEF with Chinese herbs. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to set up a database, and then, association rule analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were performed by using apriori algorithm and hclust function respectively in R-Studio (Version 4.0.3).Results:A total of 182 qualified papers were included, involving a total of 92 prescriptions, 130 Chinese herbs, and 872 individual herbs prescribed, with an average of 9.5 herbs per prescription. The six most frequently prescribed herbs were Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen), Poria (Fuling), Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Gancao), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), and Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma (Renshen). There were 35 herbs used more than 5 times, involving 11 efficacy categories. The top three categories were deficiency-tonifying herbs, blood-activating and stasis-removing herbs, and dampness-draining diuretic herbs. The most commonly used herbs were mainly warm and sweet. The primary meridian tropisms were Lung Meridian, Heart Meridian and Spleen Meridian. Association rule analysis yielded 26 association rules, such as Astragali Radix (Huangqi) & Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen), Poria (Fuling), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) & Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu). Hierarchical cluster analysis yielded four herb classes, and their functions were mainly qi-replenishing and yang-warming, blood-activating and diuresis-inducing.Conclusions:HFPEF is the syndrome of root vacuity and tip repletion, and its core pathogenesis is "deficiency", "stasis", and "water", with "deficiency" being the most principal, which is closely related to Xin (heart), Fei (Lung), and Pi (Spleen). The treatment of this disease occurs by improving qi, warming yang, activating blood and inducing diuresis. Astragali Radix (Huangqi) with Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen) is the basic combination of herbs applied.  
        Keywords：heart failure with preserved ejection fraction;data mining;Chinese herbs;medication rules;association rules;cluster analysis   
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        Review

      • Ding-qi ZHANG,Yong-ping MU,Ying XU,Jia-mei CHEN,Ping LIU,Wei LIU
        Vol. 28, Issue 9, Pages: 855-863(2022) DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3271-8
        Abstract：This article presented an overview of the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine (CM) preparations for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis for patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after splenectomy. Based on published clinical researches of CM preparations for PVT after splenectomy in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH), this paper evaluated the incidence of PVT, and explored potential active components and mechanisms of CM preparations. Safflower Yellow Injection, Danshen Injection, Danhong Injection, and Compound Danshen Dropping Pill achieved good curative effect alone or combined with anticoagulant therapy. In addition, Compound Biejia Ruangan Tablet and Anluo Huaxian Pill can also significantly improve the hemodynamic disorders of portal vein system in patients with cirrhosis. Considering the role of CM preparations in ameliorating the incidence of PVT after splenectomy in patients with CPH, we suggested that future research should provide more attention to CM alone or CM combined with anticoagulant for cirrhosis with PVT.  
        Keywords：portal vein thrombosis;splenectomy;cirrhotic portal hypertension;Chinese medicine preparations;promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis   
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