Gaire, B.P. Herbal Medicine in Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Prospective., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 24, 243–246 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-018-2828-2
Bhakta Prasad Gaire. Herbal Medicine in Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Prospective[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018,24(4):243-246.
Gaire, B.P. Herbal Medicine in Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Prospective., Chin. J. Integr. Med. 24, 243–246 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-018-2828-2DOI:
Bhakta Prasad Gaire. Herbal Medicine in Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Prospective[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018,24(4):243-246. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2828-2.
Herbal Medicine in Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Prospective
摘要
Herbal medicines
mainly of plant source
are invaluable source for the discovery of new therapeutic agents for all sorts of human ailments. The complex pathogenesis of stroke and multifactorial effect of herbal medicine and their active constituents may suggest the promising future of natural medicine for stroke treatment. Anti-oxidant
anti-inflammatory
anti-apoptotic
neuroprotective and vascular protective effect of herbal medicines are believed to be efficacious in stroke treatment. Herbs typically have fewer reported side effects than allopathic medicine
and may be safer to use over longer period of time. Herbal medicines are believed to be more effective for the longstanding health complaints
such as stroke. Several medicinal plants and their active constituents show the promising results in laboratory research. However failure in transformation of laboratory animal research to the clinical trials has created huge challenge for the use of herbal medicine in stroke. Until and unless scientifically comprehensive evidence of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine in ischemic stroke patients is available
efforts should be made to continue implementing treatment strategies of proven effectiveness. More consideration should be paid to natural compounds that can have extensive therapeutic time windows
perfect pharmacological targets with few side effects. Herbal medicine has excellent prospective for the treatment of ischemic stroke
but a lot of effort should be invested to transform the success of animal research to human use.
Abstract
Herbal medicines
mainly of plant source
are invaluable source for the discovery of new therapeutic agents for all sorts of human ailments. The complex pathogenesis of stroke and multifactorial effect of herbal medicine and their active constituents may suggest the promising future of natural medicine for stroke treatment. Anti-oxidant
anti-inflammatory
anti-apoptotic
neuroprotective and vascular protective effect of herbal medicines are believed to be efficacious in stroke treatment. Herbs typically have fewer reported side effects than allopathic medicine
and may be safer to use over longer period of time. Herbal medicines are believed to be more effective for the longstanding health complaints
such as stroke. Several medicinal plants and their active constituents show the promising results in laboratory research. However failure in transformation of laboratory animal research to the clinical trials has created huge challenge for the use of herbal medicine in stroke. Until and unless scientifically comprehensive evidence of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine in ischemic stroke patients is available
efforts should be made to continue implementing treatment strategies of proven effectiveness. More consideration should be paid to natural compounds that can have extensive therapeutic time windows
perfect pharmacological targets with few side effects. Herbal medicine has excellent prospective for the treatment of ischemic stroke
but a lot of effort should be invested to transform the success of animal research to human use.
Iadecola C, Anrather J. The immunology of stroke: from mechanisms to translation. Nat Med 2011;17:796–808.
Moskowitz MA, Lo EH, Iadecola C. The science of stroke: mechanisms in search of treatments. Neuron 2010;67:181–198.
Yenari MA, Han HS. Neuroprotective mechanisms of hypothermia in brain ischaemia. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012;13:267–278.
Astrup J, Siesjo BK, Symon L. Thresholds in cerebral ischemia—the ischemic penumbra. Stroke 1981;12:723–725.
Bandera E, Botteri M, Minelli C, Sutton A, Abrams KR, Latronico N. Cerebral blood flow threshold of ischemic penumbra and infarct core in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review. Stroke 2006;37:1334–1339.
Fisher M. The ischemic penumbra: identification, evolution and treatment concepts. Cerebrovasc Dis 2004;17(Suppl 1):1–6.
Segura T, Calleja S, Jordan J. Recommendations and treatment strategies for the management of acute ischemic stroke. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008;9:1071–1085.
Feigin VL. Herbal medicine in stroke: does it have a future? Stroke 2007;38:1734–1736.
Gong X, Sucher NJ. Stroke therapy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM): prospects for drug discovery and development. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1999;20:191–196.
Gaire BP, Moon SK, Kim H. Scutellaria baicalensis in stroke management: nature’s blessing in traditional Eastern medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2014;20:712–720.
Ho JW, Cheung MW, Yu VW. Active phytochemicals from Chinese herbs as therapeutic agents for the heart. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2012;10:251–255.
Lozoya X. Two decades of Mexican ethnobotany and research in plant drugs. Ciba Found Symp 1994;185:130–152.
Green AR. Pharmacological approaches to acute ischaemic stroke: reperfusion certainly, neuroprotection possibly. Br J Pharmacol 2008;153(Suppl 1):S325–S338.
Shankar K, Liao LP. Traditional systems of medicine. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2004;15:725–747.
Kiefer D, Pitluk J, Klunk K. An overview of CAM: components and clinical uses. Nutr Clin Pract 2009;24:549–559.
Harvey AL, Edrada-Ebel R, Quinn RJ. The re-emergence of natural products for drug discovery in the genomics era. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015;14:111–129.
Iriti M, Vitalini S, Fico G, Faoro F. Neuroprotective herbs and foods from different traditional medicines and diets. Molecules 2010;15:3517–3555.
Wu PF, Zhang Z, Wang F, Chen JG. Natural compounds from traditional medicinal herbs in the treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010;31:1523–1531.
Gaire BP, Subedi SL. Medicinal plant diversity and their pharmacological aspects of Nepal Himalayas. Pharmacogn J 2011;2:6–17.
Ernst E. Herbal medicines: balancing benefits and risks. Novartis Found Symp 2007;282:154–172, 212–218.
Mantz J, Degos V, Laigle C. Recent advances in pharmacologic neuroprotection. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2010;27:6–10.
Ernst E, Pittler MH. Risks associated with herbal medicinal products. Wien Med Wochenschr 2002;152:183–189.
Capasso R, Izzo AA, Pinto L, Mascolo N. Phytotherapy and quality of herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 2000;71(Suppl 1):S58–S65.
Jordan SA, Cunningham DG, Marles RJ. Assessment of herbal medicinal products: challenges, and opportunities to increase the knowledge base for safety assessment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010;243:198–216.
Ernst E. Risks of herbal medicinal products. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2004;13:767–771.
Pinn G. Adverse effects associated with herbal medicine. Aust Fam Physician 2001;30:1070–1075.