标准太极拳对运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人运动能力和心理健康的影响及参与者的依从性评价

TAO Zhu; XU Zi-ming; GUO Yan; YU Hui-yong

doi:10.1007/s11655-024-3816-3

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标准太极拳对运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人运动能力和心理健康的影响及参与者的依从性评价

Original Article | Updated：2024-11-25

- 标准太极拳对运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人运动能力和心理健康的影响及参与者的依从性评价
- Effects of Standard Tai Chi on Exercise Capacity and Mental Health in Exercise-Deprived Overweight/Obese Adults and Assessment of Participant Adherence
- 中国结合医学杂志（英文版） 2024年30卷第12期页码：1068-1079
- Affiliations：
  
  1.General Department, Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing (100091), China
  2.Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press, Beijing (100091), China
  3.Infectious Diseases Department, Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing (100029), China
- Author bio：
  
  Prof. GUO Yan, E-mail: guoyan0314@126.com
- Funds：
  
  Hospital Capability Enhancement Project of Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(XYZX0404-03)
- DOI：10.1007/s11655-024-3816-3
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2024-12，
  
  网络出版日期：2024-10-25，
  
  录用日期：2024-06-11
- Accepted：
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标准太极拳对运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人运动能力和心理健康的影响及参与者的依从性评价[J]. 中国结合医学杂志（英文版）, 2024,30(12):1068-1079.

TAO Zhu, XU Zi-ming, GUO Yan, et al. Effects of Standard Tai Chi on Exercise Capacity and Mental Health in Exercise-Deprived Overweight/Obese Adults and Assessment of Participant Adherence. [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2024,30(12):1068-1079.
标准太极拳对运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人运动能力和心理健康的影响及参与者的依从性评价[J]. 中国结合医学杂志（英文版）, 2024,30(12):1068-1079. DOI： 10.1007/s11655-024-3816-3.

TAO Zhu, XU Zi-ming, GUO Yan, et al. Effects of Standard Tai Chi on Exercise Capacity and Mental Health in Exercise-Deprived Overweight/Obese Adults and Assessment of Participant Adherence. [J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2024,30(12):1068-1079. DOI： 10.1007/s11655-024-3816-3.

摘要

目的:

探索太极拳对于运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人体质指数 (BMI指数) 、运动能力及心理健康的影响

并挖掘影响运动依从性的因素

提高参与者的依从性

使之成为长期坚持的运动方式.

方法:

本研究是一项随机对照的探索性临床研究

并配以依从性管理的定性研究. 研究纳入20名超重/肥胖受试者

随机分配到标准太极拳组 (试验组) 及简化太极拳组 (对照组)

给予8周干预

并进行为期1年随访. 研究评估体质指数、运动能力和心理健康. 运动能力包括等速肌力测试和平衡能力测试; 心理健康评价采用总体幸福感量表 (GWB) 、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表 (PSQI) 和核心自我评价量表 (CSES)

分别在基线、第4周和第8周进行评估. 定性研究包括对太极拳晨练者的开放性访谈和对试验受试者的半结构化访谈.

结果:

太极拳干预训练于2022年10月6日至2023年1月1日在北京市海淀公园进行

试验过程中无脱落. 8周干预结束后

试验组BMI指数明显下降(

0.05)

两组参与者运动能力较干预前均有明显改善 (

0.05) . 试验组GWB、PSQI及CSES评分均有明显改善 (

0.05)

对照组仅总体幸福感量表改善差异有统计学意义 (

0.05)

组间比较结果显示

试验组GWB和CSES评分优于对照组 (

0.05) . 8周干预结束后

试验组运动依从率为87.5%

对照组为57.9%. 影响运动依从性的因素分析各产生15个主题

提及人数最高的3个主题分别为: 太极拳的身心效果、线上线下结合指导、试验的时间安排 (试验受试者) ; 太极拳的身心效果、学习过程的艰难、对太极拳的了解程度 (太极拳晨练者) .

结论:

两种干预方式均能有效提高运动缺乏超重/肥胖成年人的运动能力

身心调节兼顾的太极拳不仅能有效减重、提高运动能力、改善心理健康

还能提高参与者的运动依从性

提供了能够长期坚持的运动方案 (注册号: ChiCTR2200063599) .

Abstract

Objective:

To explore the effects of Tai Chi on body mass index (BMI)

exercise capacity

and mental health of overweight/obese adults

and investigate factors influencing adherence to enhance adherence of Tai Chi as a sustainable exercise method.

Methods:

A randomized

controlled

exploratory clinical trial was conducted paired with a qualitative study of adherence management. A total of 20 overweight/obese participants were randomly assigned to a standard Tai Chi group (experimental) and a simplified Tai Chi group (control) for an 8-week intervention

10 patients in each group

with a 12-month follow-up. BMI was calculated and exercise capacity including an isokinetic muscle strength and balance ability test were evaluated. Mental health was assessed using the General Well-Being Schedule (GWB)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

and Coping Self Efficacy Scale (CSES) at baseline

4th week

and 8th week

respectively. The qualitative research included open-interviews with Tai Chi practitioners and semi-structured interviews with subjects.

Results:

The intervention was conducted in Haidian Park

Beijing

China from October 6

2022

to January 1

2023

without dropouts. After an 8-week intervention

the participants in the experimental group exhibited a significant decrease in BMI (

0.05). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in exercise capacity (

0.05). The experimental group exhibi

ted a significant enhancement in the GWB

PSQI and CSES (

0.05). Only GWB had significant difference in the control group (

0.05). The experimental group surpassed the control group in GWB and CSES (

0.05). The adherence rate was 87.5% in the experimental group and 57.9% in the control group after 8 weeks intervention. Analysis on adherence identified 15 themes

the top 3 themes mentioned were as follows: mind-body effects

online and on-site guidance

training schedule (for subjects); mind-body effects

difficulties in practicing

and understanding of Tai Chi (for practitioners).

Conclusions:

Both interventions were effective in improving exercise capacity. Standard Tai Chi

integrating both physical and mental conditioning

reduced weight

improved exercise capacity and mental happiness

and increased adherence

providing a sustainable exercise program (ChiCTR2200063599).

关键词

Keywords

Tai Chioverweightobesityexercise capacitymental healthadherenceinterview

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