Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) encompasses damage to nerves located outside the central nervous system

adversely affecting both motor and sensory functions. Although peripheral nerves possess an intrinsic capacity for self-repair

severe injuries frequently result in significant tissue loss and erroneous axonal junctions

thereby impeding complete recovery and potentially causing neuropathic pain. Various therapeutic strategies

including surgical interventions

biomaterials

and pharmacological agents

have been developed to enhance nerve repair processes. While preclinical studies in animal models have demonstrated the efficacy of certain pharmacological agents in promoting nerve regeneration and mitigating inflammation

only a limited number of these agents have been translated into clinical practice to expedite nerve regeneration. Chinese herb medicine (CHM) possesses a longstanding history in the treatment of various ailments and demonstrates potential efficacy in addressing PNI through its distinctive

cost-effective

and multifaceted methodologies. This review critically examines the advancements in the application of CHM for PNI treatment and nerve regeneration. In particular

we have summarized the most commonly employed and rigorously investigated CHM prescriptions

individual herbs

and natural products

elucidating their respective functions and underlying mechanisms in the context of PNI treatment. Furthermore

we have deliberated on the prospective development of CHM in both clinical practice and fundamental research.