The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has sharply increased in recent years

posing a serious threat to human health. RA is characterized as a chronic

multisystem disease with morning stiffness and symmetric small joint pain. However

its fundamental processes are poorly understood. With the advancements in molecular biology techniques

a growing body of research indicates that numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are essential for the pathogenesis of RA. These ncRNAs not only contribute to the onset of RA but also play a role in the pathological processes of RA development

including synovial immune inflammation and bone destruction. Chinese medicine (single compounds

single herbs

and compound formulae

as well as non-drug therapies such as acupuncture and moxibustion)

offer significant benefits for treating RA. This study examined the role of 3 different ncRNA types (circular RNA

long ncRNA

and microRNA) as biomarkers in RA diagnosis

as well as their regulatory roles in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes functions such as inflammatory response

proliferation

cell cycle

apoptosis

and invasion. Additionally

the study explored the mechanisms by which Chinese medicine regulates these ncRNAs

with the goal of offering innovative strategies for RA treatment.