Latest Issue
2011 Year 17 Vol. 5 Issue
- Abstract：Continuing expansion of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has been recognized as an exceptional challenge to global health. Taking highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), a confirmed effective treatment, has its limitations. While a much cheaper and potential treatment—the Chinese medicine (CM) has not been paid enough attention from the worldwide. We explained the CM viewpoints about pathology and etiology to answer some questions about whether and how CM can treat AIDS. Some herbal formulae and their targeted patterns and common symptoms were also introduced. Chinese government has realized the important role of CM as an independent therapy for early management, bolstering immune-system functions depressed by HIV, and has funded large randomized double-blind controlled clinical trials to more accurately assess the benefits, and valued the fundamental research to establish a quantitative standardization of pattern diagnosis. Researchers of CM are looking for cooperation with all the world’s top experts in the areas of AIDS and immunity to strive for victories in the fight against AIDS.Keywords：human immunodeficiency virus;acquired immunodeficiency syndrome;Chinese Medicine;immune;herbal formulae
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Published：2021-08-27 - Keywords：Cervical Cancer;Lenalidomide;Anal Cancer;Vorinostat;Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia
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Published：2021-08-27 - Keywords：human immunodeficiency virus;Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infector;immune reconstitution;Baicalin;Blood Stasis Syndrome
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To explore the tongue manifestations for the blood-stasis and toxin syndrome in the stable patients of coronary heart disease (CHD) according to the acute cardiovascular events (ACEs) in one-year follow-up which based on the pathogenesis hypothesis of “blood-stasis and toxin causing catastrophe”. Totally 254 stable CHD cases were enrolled after diagnosed by coronary angiography, their tongue appearances were recorded by the digital camera of uniform type, 29 cases with ACEs during one-year follow-up were assigned in ACEs group. The non-ACEs were matched in proportion of 2:1 according to the gender, age (±2.5 years), diabetes mellitus history and previous acute coronary syndrome hospitalization history in the non-ACEs group, and 54 cases were eligibly included. The differences of tongue appearance between the ACEs and non-ACEs group were compared. Fifteen cases manifested with bluish tongue (including bluish-grounding or bluish purple tongue), among which 11 cases (37.9%) in the ACEs group and four cases (7.4%) in the non-ACEs group, and there was significant difference (P<0.002). Twenty six cases showed yellow tongue coating in the non-ACEs group, which was significantly higher than that in the ACEs group (48.1 vs. 10.3%, P=0.001). The tongue of sticky greasy coating was more frequently occurred in the non-ACEs group than that in the ACEs group (66.7% vs. 41.4%, P=0.026). The proportion of purplish-red sublingual vessel was higher in the ACEs group than that in the non-ACEs group (41.4% vs. 20.4%, P=0.041). Odd ratio (OR) analysis showed that the patients with bluish tongue, purplish-red sublingual vessel, dry-greasy or dirty greasy coating were more likely to experience ACEs during oneoneyear follow-up (OR: 11.67, 95%CI: 3.34 year 3.34–40.81, P<0.001; OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.02 1.02–7.44, P<0.05; OR: 3.12, 95%, CI: 0.89 0.89–10.92, P=0.066). The bluish tongue (including bluish-grounding or bluish purple tongue) and purplish-red sublingual vessel were potential tongue manifestations of blood-stasis and toxin. The tongue coating changing from sticky greasy to dry greasy or dirty greasy was also probably a tongue manifestation of “transforming toxin”, which need demonstration by further study.Keywords：coronary heart disease;blood-stasis and toxin;tongue manifestations
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To assess the effectiveness of Tongjiang Granule (TJG, 通降颗粒) on the patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) of Gan (肝)-Wei (胃) incoordination syndrome, its impact on their quality of life, and its safety. A randomized, controlled, double-blinded, and double-dummy method was adopted in the trial. There were 120 NERD patients enrolled in the study and randomly divided into the experiment and control groups, each with 60 patients; drugs were distributed according to the drug number by patients’ inclusion sequences. In the experiment group, patients were given TJG 10 g and mosapride citrate dummy 5 mg three times a day, and in the control group, patients were given mosapride citrate 5 mg and TJG dummy 10 g three times a day. The treatment courses of both groups were 4 weeks. Among 120 included patients, 112 were screened for full analysis set (FAS), and 105 were screened per-protocol set (PPS). The results were as follows: (1) the improvement of total scores of symptom in the experiment group (0–4 week) were 15.93±7.88 scores by FAS and 16.22 ±7.75 scores by PPS, and they were 10.43±10.16 scores and 10.79±10.27 scores in the control group, respectively. The 95% CI of net scores improvement between the two groups were 2.10–8.90 scores and 1.92–8.94 scores in FAS and PPS; it was significantly better in the experiment group than that in the control group (P<0.05). (2) The improvement of scores of major symptom in the experiment group (0–4 week) were 10.68±5.35 by FAS and 10.89±5.29 by PPS and 7.40±7.41 and 7.60±7.46 in the control group, respectively. The 95% CI of net scores improvement in the two groups were 0.85–5.71 and 0.71–5.69 in FAS and PPS separately, and the improvement in the experiment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). (3) The total effective rates were 86.0% and 61.8% in the experiment and the control group separately, and the Ridit analysis results showed that it was better in the experiment group (P<0.05). (4) The improvement quality of life in the domain of physical functioning and general health in the experiment group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). (5) One case of experiment group caught a cold and recovered in six days without drug suspension. No adverse event was found in the other cases. There was no meaningful safety examination indices change in pretreatment and posttreatment periods in both groups. TJG showed a definite effect on the treatment of NERD with Gan-Wei incoordination syndrome, and it could improve the quality of life of NERD patient without obvious toxic and side effects.Keywords：Tongjiang Granule;gastroesophageal reflux;Gan-Wei incoordination syndrome
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the syndrome evolution law of Chinese medicine (CM) in the patients with gastric mucosal dysplasia. Three hundred and twenty four gastric mucosal dysplasia patients with deficiency and excess correlation syndromes were enrolled by a multi-center collaboration for two years’ clinical follow-up to detect the levels of tumor supplied group of factors (TSGF) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA). Among the 324 cases, 29 cases turned cancer in the two years, and the canceration rate was 9.0%. The three syndromes with higher canceration rate were the damp-heat accumulating Wei (胃) syndrome concurring or combining with asthenia-cold in Pi (脾) and Wei syndrome for 16.7%; stagnation in Wei collaterals syndrome concurring or combining with asthenia of both qi and yin syndrome for 13.2%; stagnation of Gan (肝) and Wei qi syndrome concurring or combining with asthenia-cold in Pi and Wei syndrome for 8.0%, respectively. Among the three syndromes, the highest level of TSGF occurred in the former two syndromes. In the half year before carcinogenesis, the syndromes of the patients took on deficiency and excess concurrent syndromes, and the deficiency syndromes involving the qi and blood deficiency syndrome and the Shen (肾) deficiency syndrome accounting for 48.0%. Gastric mucosal dyspalsia canceration syndromes took on the polymorphism of excess and deficiency concurrent syndromes and had the characteristics of deficiency syndromes involving qi and blood deficiency syndrome and Shen-yin-yang deficiency syndrome.Keywords：gastric mucosal dysplasia;correlation syndrome;canceration rate;carcinogenesis syndrome characteristics
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the rule of syndrome differentiation in the patients with thoracic diseases at perioperation stage. A standard was created referring to the related literature, and it was applied to differentiate the Chinese medicine syndrome in 150 patients before and three days after thoracic operation. Before operation, Chinese medicine syndromes were as differentiated as phlegm type in 45.3%, blood stasis type in 17.3%, and qi-stagnancy type in 16.0%. The patients with asthenia syndrome markedly increased after operation, accounting for 34.0% (51 patients, including qi-, yin-, and blood-deficiency syndromes). The most frequently seen intermixed syndromes were qi-deficiency with phlegm-stasis syndrome and Pi (脾)-deficiency with phlegm-dampness syndrome. The intermixed syndromes revealed in 37.5% and 42.0% of the patients before and after operation, respectively. The syndrome in the patients with thoracic disease before operation was mostly the excessive syndrome, mainly the phlegm syndrome type; at postoperation stage, Chinese medicine syndrome in patients become asthenia in essence with excessive superficiality, which is mostly revealed as Pi-deficiency with phlegm-dampness.Keywords：thoracic operation;perioperation stage;rule of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To explore the correlation between Fc γ RIII A (CD16A) and aortic atherosclerotic plaque destabilization in apoE knockout (apoE KO) mice and the intervention effects of effective components of Chuanxiong Rhizome and Red Peony Root. Eight 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were selected as the control group. Forty 8-week-old male apoE KO mice were randomly divided into the model group, apoE KO + intraperitoneal injection immunoglobulin group (IVIG), apoE KO + simvastatin group (Sm), apoE KO + high dosage of Xiongshao Capsule (XSC, 芎芍胶囊) group (XSCH), and apoE KO + low dosage of XSC group (XSCL), 8 mice in each group. Mice in the control group were put on a normal diet, and others were fed with a high-fat diet. After 10-week different interventions, monocyte CD16 expression was detected by flow cytometry, aortic matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) mRNA expression was detected using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction, and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with the control group, monocyte CD16 expression, aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression, and serum TNF-α level in the model group increased obviously (P<0.01). Injections of apoE KO mice with intraperitoneal immunoglobulin during a 5-day period significantly reduced the monocyte CD16 expression, aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression, and serum TNF-α level (P<0.01 or 0.05) over a 10-week period of high-fat diet. Indices above in the Sm group, XSCH group, and XSCL group decreased in a different degree. Of them, the aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression in XSCH group was lower than that in Sm group (P<0.05) and the monocyte CD16 expression and serum TNF-α level showed no significant difference between XSCH group and Sm group (P>0.05). Correlation analyses suggested positive correlation between monocyte CD16 expression and aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression or serum TNF-α level in IVIG group, XSCH group, and XSCL group. FcγR III A mediates systemic inflammation in the progression of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome. XSC could stabilize atherosclerotic plaque by suppressing inflammation and its target was relative with FcγRIII A.Keywords：FcγRIIIA;apoE knockout mice;matrix metalloproteinase-9;tumor necrosis factor α;effective components of Chuanxiong Rhizome and Red Peony Root
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the structural shifts of gut flora in rats with acute alcoholic liver injury (AALI), and the effect of Jianpi Huoxue Decoction (健脾活血汤, JPHXD) on the gut flora. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to the control, AALI and JPHXD groups equally. The rats in the control group were given water and those in AALI and JPHXD groups were given ethanol by intragastric gavage for 5 days, while rats in the JPHXD group were administered JPHXD simultaneously. The blood and liver tissue were collected at the end of the experiment. The activities of serum alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hepatic γ-glutamyltranspetidase (γ-GT) and hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels were determined. Plasma endotoxin level in the portal vein was measured. Pathological changes of liver tissues were determined by hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining and oil red O staining. The total DNA of gut flora were extracted from fecal samples by Bead-beating method and determined by ERIC-PCR fingerprint method. The similarity cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to analyze the ERIC-PCR fingerprint respectively. In the AALI group, the ratio of liver/body weight, activities of ALT, AST and hepatic γ-GT, amount of hepatic TG were elevated significantly compared with those in the control group (all P<0.01). JPHXD decreased the ratio, activities of ALT, AST, γ-GT and TG significantly compared with those in the AALI group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HE and oil red O staining showed that fat deposited markedly in liver tissue, while JPHXD alleviated pathological changes markedly. Plasma LPS level in rat portal vein in the AALI group increased significantly (P<0.01), but it was decreased significantly in the JPHXD group (P<0.01). The cluster analysis and principal component analysis of ERIC-PCR fingerprint showed that gut flora in the AALI group changed markedly, and JPHXD could recover gut flora to some extent. The structure of gut flora shifted markedly during acute alcoholic liver injury, JPHXD had prevention effect through the modification of gut flora.Keywords：acute alcoholic liver injury;gut flora;Jianpi Huoxue Decoction;ERIC-PCR;fingerprint;cluster analysis;principal component analysis
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To ascertain the biomarkers capable to characterize the animal composite model of Chinese medicine (CM) Yinhuang (阴黄) syndrome induced by triplet factors of rhubarb, ethanol, and α-nephthylisothiolyanate (abbreviated as R, E, and A below) through metabolomic study and to evaluate the established model by means of studying the sources of markers based on the changes of metabolites produced from various combinations of the three modeling drugs. Eighty Wistar rats allocated equally in eight groups (A–H) were treated with saline, R+E+A, R, E, A, R+E, R+A, and E+A, respectively. Rats’ 12 h urine in the 14 successive experimental days were collected separately using metabolic cages and analyzed by ultra peformance liquid chromatograph/time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC/TOF-MS) to create the metabolic contour graph of urine in different groups for identifying the differences between them. The similarities and differences of metabolic network among various groups were represented from microcosmic viewpoint by pattern recognition method (principal component analysis). Controlled by group A, the landing points in principal component map of various groups were apparently assorted, especially obvious on the 14th day; 19 biomarkers, which capable to represent the genesis and development process of the Yinhuang syndrome in the triplet factors-induced rat model, were identified. Metabolomic method is successfully used in evaluating the animal model of CM syndrome. Furthermore, according to the holistic view and substance changes in vivo, the influences of disease on organism were comprehensively analyzed, and the pathogenic mechanism of CM Yinhuang syndrome was explored at the level of metabolomics in vivo as well.Keywords：rhubarb;ethanol;α-nephthylisothiolyanate;Yinhuang syndrome;animal model;metabolomics
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe (益气活血方) and Coxsackie B virus type 3 (CVB3) on the expression of ribosomal protein S20 in rat cardiac myocytes, to explore the pathogenesis of myocarditis induced by CVB3 and the mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe on gene level, and to further investigate whether Yiqi Huoxue Recipe is an effective prescription for CVB3 myocarditis. A modified suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to isolate differentially expressed genes between the CVB3 infection group and the treatment group with Yiqi Huoxue Recipe. The results were further verified by fluorescence RT-PCR. The results of SSH showed that the gene expression of ribosomal protein S20 in the treatment group was higher than that in the CVB3 infection group (P<0.05), which agreed with the results of fluorescent RT-PCR. Down-regulation of ribosomal protein S20 mRNA expression might be one of the mechanisms in CVB3 myocarditis, and Yiqi Huoxue Recipe could achieve the treatment of viral myocarditis by regulating the expression of ribosomal protein S20.Keywords：Viral Myocarditis;Yiqi Huoxue recipe;suppression subtractive hybridization;ribosomal protein S20
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the changing trends of clinical management for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) with integrative medicine. Clinical data of 1 561 patients with SAP from 1980 to 2005 was retrospectively analyzed. The mortality and morbidity of complications were compared. Of the 1 561 patients, 400 patients accepted surgical operation, while the rest were treated conservatively with integrative medicine. There was a change toward conservative management together with Chinese purgative herbal medication use after 1990 (22.4% from 1980–1990 compared with 45.5% from 1991–1993) because of high postoperative mortality. From 1994–2005, the treatment integrating Western medicine with Chinese herbal medications came to be preferred over the classic Western operation-based method. This change was associated with decreased morbidity (35.4% in 1980–1990 compared with 24.7% in 1991–1993 and 11.0% in 1994–2005, P<0.05) and lower mortality (40.52% of 1980–1990 compared with 17.17% of 1991–1993 and <10.25% of 1994–2005, P<0.05). The combination of conservative management with Chinese herbal medicines is preferable to classic Western medicine treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality of SAP, while surgery becomes a supplemental option.Keywords：severe acute pancreatitis;Integrative Medicine;mortality;morbidity;management
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Published：2021-08-27
OriginalPaper
- Abstract：Acupuncture has been used to treat infertility extensively, including ovulatory dysfunction, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and male infertility. This review summarizes the recent studies which investigated the role of acupuncture in infertility. In conclusion, most of the existing studies suggest a positive effect of acupuncture in infertility treatment. Firstly, acupuncture may improve ovulation by modulating the central and peripheral nervous systems, the neuroendocrine and endocrine systems, the ovarian blood flow, and metabolism. Secondly, acupuncture can improve the outcome of IVF-ET, and the mechanisms may be related to the increased uterine blood flow, inhibited uterine motility, and the anesis of depression, anxiety and stress. Its effect on modulating immune function also suggests helpfulness in improving the outcome of IVF-ET. Finally, the studies suggest that acupuncture plays a positive role in male infertility, the mechanism of which is not yet clear. Even though a positive effect of acupuncture in infertility has been found, well-designed multi-center, prospective randomized controlled studies are still needed to provide more reliable and valid scientific evidence. Furthermore, it is urgent and necessary to clarify the mechanism of acupuncture for infertility.Keywords：acupuncture;ovulation;in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer;Infertility
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Published：2021-08-27
ReviewPaper
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