Latest Issue
2012 Year 18 Vol. 7 Issue
- Keywords：Acute Kidney Injury;Mitochondrial Biogenesis;massage therapy;Bindarit;Manual Soft Tissue
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the distribution of constitutional pattern in elderly retired personnel of the People’s Liberation Army. Adopting the method of cross-sectional field investigation, from June to December in 2008, the investigation questionnaires were completed by the aged over 60 and collected from 69 military retired residences in the 4 cities of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Qingdao. Other data, including demographic characteristics, physiological characteristics, life style and former medical history, were collected and analyzed. The statistical analysis for the database was drawn up by the software Epidata 3.0. A total of 4,502 people were included in this study, and 35.3% of them were diagnosed with MS. There was no obvious difference in mobility among ages (60 to 69, 70 to 79 and over 80, P>0.05). Referring to the MS patients in the 70s age group, both the phlegm-dampness and dampness-heat constitutional types were evidently higher than those in the 60s age group (P=0.019, P=0.008); while MS patients in 80s and older showed a significantly lower incidence of dampness-heat constitution than those in the 60s (P=0.00); and ql-deficiency constitution was obviously higher in the 80s age group than those in the other two groups (P=0.00). The top 3 constitutions in MS people were, respectively, phlegm-dampness, dampness-heat and qi-deficiency constitution; while in non-MS people, the top 3 constitutions were gentleness, qi-deficiency and phlegm-dampness. When the patient’s body mass index (BMI) was more than 25 kg/m2, the rate of phlegm-dampness and dampness-heat constitution significantly increased, while the rate of qi-deficiency constitution declined; the discrepancy was significant (P=0.00). The prevalence rate of MS in military senior people was 35.3%, which did not vary among the three age groups. Phlegm-dampness, dampness-heat and qi-deficiency constitution were the three dominant constitutional types seen in the MS patients. The distribution of constitution formation was different in MS people and non-MS people. For different dimensions of BMI, the proportion of each kind of constitutions was varied.Keywords：aged;metabolism syndrome;body constitution;clinical trial;cross-sectional studies
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the protective effect of an extract of Guipi Pill (归脾丸) against radiationinduced damage. A total of 100 Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive drug group (treated with radioprotective agent “523”, 5 mg/kg at 24 h before irradiation) and two treatment groups, with 20 mice in each group. The extract of water extraction-alcohol precipitation (WAP) from Guipi Pill were administered orally to the mice in the two treatment groups at the dose of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 days prior to whole body radiation (8 Gy). Fifty mice with 10 in each group were used to observe the survival rate 30 days after radiation. The other 50 mice with 10 in each group were sacrificed on day 10 after radiation (6 Gy) in order to take blood, liver and unilateral femur. Pretreatment prior to irradiation with WAP resulted in a significantly higher 30-day survival rate of mice after exposure to a potentially lethal dose of 8-Gy radiation. WAP could significantly increase the total white blood cell count and DNA content of bone marrow, and it also increased the activity of various antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in liver tissue of mice, which were reduced by radiation treatment. Maleic dialdehyde level and bone marrow micronucleus rate were significantly reduced by WAP, which were increased after 6-Gy radiation. WAP of Guipi Pill could increase the 30-day survival rate and the antioxidant capacity as well as protect bone marrow in mice. WAP of Guipi Pill is an effective radioprotective agent.Keywords：Chinese Medicine;Guipi Pill;radioprotection;bone marrow;antioxidant enzymes;Survival Rate
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To explore the protective effect of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) on small: intestine injury in rats with sepsis and its possible mechanism. According to a random number table, 24 Tats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (sham group), sepsis model group (model group) and STS treatment group (STS group), with 8 Tats in each group. A rat model of sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for 5 h. STS (1 mg/kg) was slowly injected through the right external jugular vein after CLP. The histopathologic changes in the intestine tissue were observed under a light microscope, and the intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleoddyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 in the intestinal tissue was determined by Western blot. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the intestinal tissue were determined using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). Obvious injuries were observed in the intestinal tissue in the CLP group compared with the sham group. The expression of NF-κB p65 and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were up-regulated after CLP, the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells was increased after CLP, and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was decreased. STS post-treatment could attenuate the injury on the intestinal tissue induced by CLP, decrease the apoptosis of intestinal treatment epithelial cells and the levels of NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-6, and increase the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. STS can protect the small intestine in rats with sepsis, and the mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of intestinal epithelial apoptosis and the reduction of activation of inflammatory cytokines.Keywords：sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate;sepsis;apoptosis;Bcl-2;Bax;nuclear factor κB;tumor necrosis factor α;interleukin 6
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the angiogenesis modulation mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (血府逐瘀汤) on the endothelial cell line ECV304. ECV304 cells were treated with 2.5% Xuefu Zhuyu Decoctioncontaining serum (XFZYD-CS) for 24 h, 48 h or 72 h. Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), fluorescence activating cell sorter (FACS), migration, adhesion and in vitro tube formation assays were conducted to confirm an angiogenesis effect of XFZYD at 3 time points. An analysis of angiogenesis regulator profiles was performed at 3 times with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) superarray. At 48 h, XFZYD-CS induced ECV304 significantly improved cell viability, number in S phase, migration, adhesion and tube formation. At 24 h and 72 h, only cell migration was elevated. Microarray results showed that the expression of 27 angiogenesis-related genes was changed. XFZYD-CS treatment induced angiogenesis on ECV304 cells with significant cellcular changes occurring at 48 h and genetic changes as early as 24 h.Keywords：Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction;angiogenesis;microarray;Chinese herbs
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the inhibitory effect of Yifei Huoxue Granule (益肺活血颗粒, YFHXG): on the hypoxia-induced proliferation of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and its mechanism of decreasing pulmonary arterial pressure. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly: divided into four groups: saline, and 0.66, 3.30 and 16.50 g/kg of YFHXG groups, the saline and different concentrations of YFHXG were given twice daily for 7 days, respectively. Serum-pharmacology method was used in the preparation of YFHXG serum. Tissue block anchorage was employed in the primary culture of rat PASMCs. The PASMCs were randomly divided into normoxia group, hypoxia group, and hypoxia+YFHXG group (0.66, 3.30 and 16.50 g/kg doses of YFHXG-treated serum groups, exposed to hypoxic condition). PASMCs in normoxia and hypoxia group were cultured with saline serum, hypoxia+YFHXG groups were cultured with different concentrations of YFHXG serum. Cell viability was assessed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. In addition, hypoxia inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF-1α) protein expression was evaluated by immunocytochemistry analysis, the concentration of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca Ca2+ were determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). MTT assay and flow cytometry showed that hypoxia could directly activate the proliferation of PASMCs, while YFHXG dose-dependently inhibited hypoxia-induced proliferation of rat PASMCs. Immunocytochemistry showed that hypoxia enhanced HIF-1α protein expression, and LSCM showed that hypoxia significantly increased intracellular ROS and Ca Ca2+, while YFHXG decreased the expression of HIF-, 1α and attenuated the hypoxia-induced increase in intracellular concentration of ROS and Ca Ca2+. YFHXG could inhibit hypoxia-induced proliferation of rat PASMCs, which may decrease pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular remodeling. The anti-hypoxia effect of YFHXG may be explained by its regulation of HIF-1α expression and of the levels of intracellular ROS and Ca Ca2+.Keywords：Yifei Huoxue Granule;hypoxia;pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells;proliferation;hypoxia inducible factor-1α;reactive oxygen species
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR)-β-arrestin2-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB): signal transduction pathway and the intervention effects of oxymatrine in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, which included the normal control group, the model group, the mesalazine group and the oxymatrine treatment group, with 10 rats per group. Experimental colitis induced with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was established in each group except the normal control group. The rats in the oxymatrine treatment group were treated with intramuscular injection of oxymatrine 63 mg/(kg kg·d) for 15 days and the rats in the mesalazine group were treated with mesalazine solution 0.5 g/(kg kg·d) by gastric lavage for 15 days. The rats in the normal control group and model group were treated with 3 mL water by gastric lavage for 15 days. Diarrhea and bloody stool were carefully observed. Histological changes in colonic tissue were examined on day 7 in 2 rats per group that were randomly selected. The expression of β2AR, β-arrestin2 and NF-κB p65 in colon tissue and spleen lymphocytes were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting techniques on day 16 after fasting for 24 h. Six rats died of lavage with 2 each in the normal control, the model group and the mesalazine group; and were not included in the analysis. The rats in the model group suffered from: looser stool and bloody purulent stool after modeling. But in the oxymatrine and mesalazine groups, looser stool and bloody purulent stool reduced after treatment. And the colonic wall in the model group was thickened and the colon length shortened. The colon mucosa was congested in multiple areas with edema, erosion, superficial or linear ulcer and scar formation, while the intestinal mucosa injury reduced in the mesalazine and oxymatrine groups (P<0.01). In colonic mucosa and in spleen lymphocytes, compared with the normal control group, the expression of NF-κBp65 were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the model group while the expressions of β 2AR and β-arrestin2 were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of NF-κ Bp65 was significantly decreased in the mesalazine group (P<0.01) and oxymatrine treatment group (P<0.01) while the expressions of β2AR and β-arrestin2 were significantly increased (P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the expression of β2AR, β-arrestin2 and NF-κBp65 between the mesalazine group and oxymatrine group (P>0.05). The β2AR-β-arrestin2-NF-κB signal transduction pathway participated: in the pathologic course of ulcerative colitis. Oxymatrine attenuated ulcerative colitis through regulating the β2AR-β-arrestin2-NF-κB signal transduction pathway.Keywords：β2-adrenoceptor;β-arrestin2;nuclear factor-κB;signal transduction;trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid;Ulcerative Colitis;Oxymatrine
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effects of Tounongsan (透脓散) extract (TNSE) on proliferation and e: apoptosis of the human lymphoma cell line Raji and its possible mechanism of action. The viability of: TNSE-treated Raji cells was measured by a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The molecular mechanisms of TNSE-mediated apoptosis were further investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of the mRNA expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), Bcl-xL, Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad), caspase-9 and caspase-3. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of NF-κB, Bad, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3. TNSE inhibited Raji cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners.: After 48-h treatment with various concentrations of TNSE (125, 250 and 500 μg/mL), the apoptosis rates of Raji cell were 12.23%±1.98% (P<0.05), 20.97%±3.96% (P<0.01) and 30.4%±4.87% ( P<0.01), respectively, compared with those of the control (6.02%±1.01%). RT-PCR demonstrated that NF-κB mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in Raji cells treated with 250 μg/mL TNSE for 48 h (P<0.05), while Bad, caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA levels were upregulated (P<0.05). Moreover, TNSE treatment resulted in downregulation of NF-κB protein expression and strikingly upregulated protein expressions of Bad, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner, as determined by Western blot. TNSE exhibits significant: anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in Raji cells, which may be involved in regulation of NF-κB and Bad, and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3.Keywords：Tounongsan;nuclear factor-κB;Bad;caspase-9;lymphoma;Chinese Medicine
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the protective effects of the natural medicinal monomer isopsoralen (ISR) with estrogenic activity against oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells B3 (HLE-B3) caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to pursue the possible mitochondrial proteomic regularity of the protective effects. HLE-B3 cells were treated with H2O2 (300 μ mol/L), β-estradiol (E2: 10−8 mol/L) and H2O2, ISR (10−5 mol/L) and H2O2, or left untreated. Altered expressions of all mitochondrial proteins were analyzed by protein array and surfaceenhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The mass/charge (m/z) ratios of each peak were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and the protein peak value of the m/z ratio for each treatment by pair comparison was analyzed with the Nemenyi test. H2O2 up-regulated the expressions of two protein spots (with m/z of 6532 and 6809). E2 mitigated the oxidative damage, and the expression of one protein spot (m/z 6532) was down-regulated. In contrast, ISR down-regulated both of protein spots (m/z 6532 and 6809). ISR could effectively inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HLE-B3 cells. The protein spot at m/z of 6532 might be the target spot of ISR against oxidative damage induced by H2O2.Keywords：isopsoralen;mitochondrial proteomics;lens epithelial cell;senile cataract
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：Many schools of academic doctrines have emerged throughout the development history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) due to geographic, time, Shicheng (mentor-apprentice system) and academic diversities. Classic TCM School, Classic Formula School and Febrile Disorder School, though all lacking a clearly demonstrable or continuous Shicheng relationship, are nevertheless so classified because of their consistency in reference to the classic TCM works. Each of the Four Famous Masters of Jin and Yuan Dynasties had its distinctively different academic doctrine, resulting in the establishment of individually integrated academic schools. The emergence of the Warming and Tonifying School in late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties was realized as a means to rectify the ill effects of the cool and cold medications prevalent at the time. On the other hand, the advent of the Warm Disease School and the rise of the Confluence School embodied the close relationship carried by TCM academic schools to contemporary historical background. Looking at this development history, it is evident that the development of TCM academic schools could flourish only if it allows dissenting, yet mutually tolerant, opinions. In present medical environment where TCM and Western medicine are of equal importance, Classic TCM Schools, TCM Modernization Schools and Integrative Medicine Schools should all receive emphasis to foster development.Keywords：Traditional Chinese Medicine;academic school;academic contention;academic tolerance
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：In the past century, as medical research has become increasingly precise, it has become clear that the incidence and progression of many diseases involve multiple factors and pathologies; this is particularly true for the degenerative and metabolic diseases facing industrialized societies. At the same time, it becomes increasingly clear that single-target action drugs cannot effectively treat these diseases. Researchers are looking toward the chemical industry as well as traditional herbal medicines to find multi-target interventions. Thus, a new era in drug discovery has begun. Specifically, three approaches have proven effective in seeking multi-target drugs. These are: (1) designing drugs with multiple components; (2) discovering drugs through the study of synergistic compound-compound interactions in medicinal herbs or among chemical drugs and herbal components; and (3) developing drugs to tackle complex multi-component diseases. The authors conclude that there is an increasing need for multi-component remedies to treat the complex chronic diseases afflicting modern populations. Given this situation and the growing body of evidence that these new approaches are effective, multi-target intervention appears to have great potential for discovering, designing, and developing effective new drugs for today’s diseases.Keywords：multi-target intervention;compound-compound interaction;herb-drug interaction;synergy;multi-component remedy
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Published：2021-08-27 - Keywords：coronary heart disease;Percutaneous Coronary Intervention;Traditional Chinese Medicine;Western Medicine;Male Infertility
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Published：2021-08-27
OriginalPaper
- Abstract：Isobavachalcone (IBC) or (E)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one or (E)-4,2′,4′-trihydroxy-3’-prenylchalcone; 2′,4,4′-trihydroxy-3′-prenyl-transchalcone, is a prenylated chalcone of the class flavonoid, firstly isolated from Psoralea corylifolia in 1968. IBC is known to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-reverse transcriptase, antitubercular and antioxidant. The compound was isolated from plant families, mostly Moraceae and Fabaceae. This review brings out together the knowledge on IBC, and can serve as the start point for future research and valorization accomplishments.Keywords：Isobavachalcone;pharmacology;biosynthesis;synthesis
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Mayer, has long been used clinically in China to treat various diseases. Multiple effects of ginseng, such as antitumor, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antioxidative, antidiabetic and antihypertensive have been confirmed by modern medicine. Recently, the clinical utilization of ginseng to treat heart diseases has increased dramatically. The roles of ginseng in protecting heart are foci for research in modern medical science and have been partially demonstrated, and the mechanisms of protection against coronary artery disease, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, cardiac energy metabolism, cardiac contractility, and arrhythmia are being uncovered progressively. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the complex mechanisms by which ginseng protects heart. All such studies will provide evidence of ginseng’s clinical application, international promotion, and new drug development.Keywords：Panax Ginseng;Ginsenoside;heart;coronary artery disease;cardiac hypertrophy;heart failure;arrhythmia;energy metabolism
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Published：2021-08-27
ReviewPaper
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