Latest Issue
2013 Year 19 Vol. 2 Issue
- Keywords：Chinese Medicine;Traditional Chinese Medicine;Western Medicine;Integrate Medicine;Western View
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a worldwide health and social problem. Retarding its progression to end-stage renal disease is beneficial both to the patients and the healthcare system. Plenty of clinical trials have indicated that enema with Chinese medicine could effectively prevent chronic renal failure, and was widely used in the clinical practice. However, studies on mechanism were still nearly blank, which may prevent further improvement of therapeutic efficacy. Recent studies had discovered that colon was an important organ where uremic toxins were generated. The uremic toxins involved could not only promote CKD progression, but also was closely correlated with CKD mortality. Reducing production and promoting excretion of toxins were confirmed to reduce renal tubule interstitial fibrosis and delay renal progression. On the basis of the theory of gut-kidney axis above, we had conducted pilot clinical researches to evaluate the effect of enema with Chinese medicine on the intestinal flora, gut barrier, enterogenous uremic toxins and renal protection. The preliminary results revealed that rheum enema through colon could accelerate intestinal dynamics, improve intestinal barrier function, regulate intestinal flora and reduce production and absorption of intestine-derived uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate, which may reduce renal fibrosis and delay renal progression. Further studies could provide more evidence for colon as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD with Chinese medicine.Keywords：chronic kidney disense;colon;Chinese Medicine;rheum
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the potential of renal pathological index as a differential diagnosis factor for Chinese medicine (CM) syndromes typing in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). A total of 1,016 patients with IgAN was recruited from November 2001 to November 2004. All the signs and symptoms including picture of the tongue and pulse tracings were collected. All patients were typed according to the CM syndrome typing scheme for chronic primary glomerulopathy. The severity of glomerulus and tubulointerstitial lesions (mild, moderate-severe) were evaluated using lee’s grading system and the Katafuchi score system. The syndrome types transform in turn by deficiency of both the Spleen (Pi) and Lung (Fei) qi, deficiency of both qi and yin, deficiency of Liver (Gan) and Kidney (Shen) yin and deficiency of Spleen-Kidney (Shen) yang, with the aggravation of pathogenetic condition and that the manifestation of deficiency of qi clinically showed proliferative lesion of glomerular mesangium, while the glomerular sclerosis pathologically showed the manifestation of yin deficiency. Renal pathological findings may be a candidate of objective factors to refine CM syndrome typing process.Keywords：IgA nephropathy;Chinese Medicine;renal pathology;Syndrome Differentiation;pattern diagnosis
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To confirm the efficacy and safety of Jitongning Capsule 脊痛宁胶囊 in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A total of 120 AS patients with early-intermediate were randomly and equally assigned to Jitongning Capsule group and sulfasalazine group. Jitongning Capsule was orally taken 4.5 g per day and sulfasalazine was orally taken 2 g daily for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving the Assessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis 20 (ASAS 20), secondary end points included Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), patient’s global assessment by VAS rating, spinal pain, general pain and night pain, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of AS patients were measured. A total of 111 patients completed the study. There were 58 patients in Jitongning group and 53 patients in sulfasalazine group. Both drugs showed mild and occasional side effects. After treated by Jitongning Capsule and sulfasalazine, the proportion of ASAS20 responders at 12 month was 72.41% (42/58) and 67.92% (36/53) respectively. Both Jitongning Capsule and sulfasalazine treatment induced significant decrease in the proportion of CD4+T cell and CD8+T cell expressing TNF-α and IFN-γ at 12-month of treatment compared with baseline values (P<0.05). Jitongning Capsule are effective in a setting close to real-life medical care with a sustained improvement in signs and symptoms of AS, and reduce cytokine levels in PBMC. It showed comparable effects to sulfasalazine.Keywords：ankylosing spondylitis;Jitongning Capsule;Sulfasalazine;cytokine
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To study the effects of the Chinese medicine Jinmaitong Capsule (筋脉通胶囊, JMT) on the pathomorphology of sciatic nerves, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and the mRNA expressions of CNTF in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM). The animal model was established by one time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The rats were simply divided by random into 5 groups including model group, low-dose JMT group (JL), medium-dose JMT group (JM), high-dose JMT group (JH) and neurotropin group. For each of the above 5 groups, a group of 10 normal Wistar rats matched in body weight, age and gender were set as normal group. Intragastric administrations were started after the animal model established. The JL group were administered with five times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult; the JM group were administered with ten times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult; the JH group were administered with twenty times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult. The neurotropin group was administered with ten times the neurotropin dose recommended for a human adult. All rats were given intragastric administration for 16 weeks and then killed. In the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th week, body weight and blood glucose level were detected before and after the intervention. The morphologic changes of the sciatic nerves were observed by optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. The CNTFmRNA expressions were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain protein, and the CNTF protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemical method. The blood glucose levels of the STZ-DM rats were much higher than normal group (P<0.01), and there was no apparent difference between any treatment groups and the model group (P>0.05). Before and after the intervention in the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th week, there were no significant differences in the body weight among all the groups (P>0.05). The sciatic nerves of STZ-DM rats might have pathomorphological changes in axons, myelin sheaths, and interstitium. The levels of CNTF and CNTF-mRNA expressions in the STZ-DM rats were both significantly decreased (P<0.01). The sciatic nerves of STZ-DM rats might have pathomorphological changes in axons, myelin sheaths, and interstitium. JMT could improve the pathomorphology of sciatic nerves by increasing CNTF’s and CNTF-mRNA expressions in sciatic nerve tissues, and promote the repair and regeneration of damaged nerve fibers.Keywords：diabetic peripheral neuropathy;ciliary neurotrophic factor;morphology;Jinmaitong Capsule
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on expression, regulation and phosphorylation of multiple protein kinases in mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) intracellular signal pathway and GATA transcription factors in hematopoietic cells, so as to explore its mechanism of proliferation and differentiation activity on hematopoiesis. The human granulocytic HL-60, erythrocytic K562, megakaryocytic CHRF-288 and Meg-01 cell lines were treated by PNS, the positive control of K562, CHRF-288 cells treated by recombination human erythropoietin (Epo) and thrombopoietin (Tpo) respectively. The total cell lysate and nuclei protein were extracted after being treated by PNS, subsequently, analyzed by both Western blot and immune-precipitation. Meanwhile, the nuclei extract was performed for electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) by using 32P radio labeled double-stranded GATA consensus oligonucleotide. The expression levels of kinase MEK-1, MEK-2, ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1, AKT-2 and PI-3K were increased by PNS treatment to different extent in four cell lines, depending on cellular heterogeneity and sensitivity to PNS, also phosphorylation of MEK-1, ERK-1 was differentially promoted by PNS respectively P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The expression levels of transcription factors GATA-1 and GATA-2 were increased, moreover, their DNA binding activities were raised dramatically in PNS treated K562, CHRF-288 and Meg-01 cells compared with the controls respectively (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The positive control of K562, CHRF-288 cells treated by Epo or Tpo respectively also displayed up-regulation of protein kinases and GATA transcription factors respectively (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The results indicated that intracellular signal pathway initiated by PNS was involved in MAPK pathway and transcription factors of GATA family in hematopoietic cells. PNS displayed the role to promote proliferation and differentiation, by means of increasing expression level and phosphorylation status of multiple protein kinases, also inducing synthesis of GATA transcription factors and upregulation its DNA binding activity.Keywords：panax notoginseng saponins;hematopoietic cells;protein kinase;phosphorylation;transcription factor
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effects of serum containing Chinese medicine (CM) Sanpi Pingwei (散癖平胃, SPPW) formula on the proliferation and apoptosis of human SGC-7901 cells and the possible mechanism. Serum containing CM SPPW formula (SPPW serum) was prepared by a serum pharmacology method. Human SGC-7901 cells were incubated with SPPW serum at three different concentrations and with the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were employed to confirm the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and p53 in SGC-7901 cells at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. SPPW serum suppressed the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The colony forming rate of negative control was 48.2%, while those in the three SPPW serum groups and the 5-FU group decreased significantly (P<0.01). The number of colony forming units in the SPPW high dosage group was significantly smaller than that in the 5-FU group (P<0.01). MTT assay showed that SPPW serum restrained the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells, and the inhibition rate increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin V/PI Assay suggested that SPPW serum induced the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells significantly. RT-PCR and western blot assay indicated that SPPW serum upregulated the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bax and p53 in SGC-7901 cells, but downregulated the protein and mRNA expressions of Bcl-2. SPPW formula inhibits the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in vitro and induces the cell apoptosis. It plays an anticancer role by regulating the expressions of Bax, p53 and Bcl-2 in SGC-7901 cells.Keywords：stomach neoplasms;Chinese Medicine;apoptosis
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Published：2021-08-27 -
An experimental study of the protective effects of Chinese medicine compound eye-patch on asthenopia
Abstract：To observe the therapeutic efficacy and the mechanism of Chinese medicine eye-patch with invigorating blood circulation and detoxification on asthenopia. A total of 180 rabbits were subjected to three tests, namely the skin microcirculation, the microvascular regeneration in the skin and the skin temperature change, with 60 rabbits for each test. The rabbits in each test were randomly and equally divided into three groups: the normal control group was treated with physiological saline on naked back once per day, the low dose group was treated with the eye-patch on naked back for 15 min once per day, while the high dose group was treated for three times per day. Forty Hartley guinea pigs were randomly and equally divided into four groups for the muscle tone test: the normal control group was treated with physiological saline on naked back, the model group was treated without any medication, the low dose group was treated with the eye-patch on naked back for 10 min once per day, while the high dose group was treated for three times per day. All treatments were continued for 14 days until the termination of the test. The microcirculatory blood flow was observed by using a video-microscopy system. The histological sections were used to detect the microvascular regeneration by observing the expression of factor VIII. The temperature changes on the skin surface were measured by using infrared thermometer, and the muscle tone was tested by the electromyography. In compare with the normal or the model group, the improvement in the skin microcirculation and the blood vascular regeneration, and the decreasing in the muscle tone in low dose and high dose groups were statistically significant with confident level at P<0.05. The eye-patch with invigorating blood circulation and detoxification has great enhancement in blood vascular regeneration and skin microcirculation, and great improvement in the indexes for muscle tone. The study explains certain therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of the eye-patch and shows that it could reduce the symptoms for patients with asthenopia.Keywords：eye-patch with invigorating blood circulation and detoxification;asthenopia;skin microcirculation;muscular tone;pharmacodynamics effect- 1123
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To observe the effect of acupuncture on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in brain tissues of rats with traumatic brain injuny. Thirty SD rats were randomly and equally allocated to the sham-operated, the model and the acupuncture groups. The traumatic brain injury model was established by the free drop method. For the rats in the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied once a day for 7 days. Brain histotomy was carried out when treatments were completed. Immunohistochemical techniques were adopted to detect the cells that express nestin, neurofilament proteins (NF)-200 and glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAP), the markers of neural stem cells, neurons, astrocytes respectively. Compared to the sham-operated group, the number of nestin-positive cells and NF-200-positive cells in brain tissues was decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.01), whereas the number of GFAP-positive cells was significantly increased P<0.01). Compared to the model group, the positive cells of nestin, NF-200, GFAP in brain tissues in the acupuncture group were increased obviously (P<0.01). Acupuncture can significantly increase the number of nestin-positive cells, NF-200-positive cells and GFAP-positive cells, indicating the significant increase of neural stem cells, neurons and astrocytes in number. Acupuncture can improve neuranagenesis by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in brain tissues. This might be one of the mechanisms for acupuncture to treat traumatic brain injury and to promote the repair of nervous function.Keywords：traumatic brain injury;acupuncture;neural stem cells;proliferation and differentiation;rats
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effects of Qushuanling Capsule (祛栓灵胶囊 QSLC) on thrombus formation and platelet aggregation in rats. Arteriovenous bypass, venous thrombosis, and middle cerebral artery thrombosis models were used in rats to investigate the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC, a compound of nine Chinese herbs. The platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin or arachidonic acid (AA), as well as the contents of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) in rat plasma and aortic walls, were determined to investigate the possible mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC. After oral administration with QSLC for 7 days, arteriovenous bypass thrombosis was obviously suppressed compared with the model group, venous thrombosis was also obviously suppressed, rat behaviors were obviously improved, and brain infarct size as well as water content were also reduced. The platelet aggregation induced by ADP or thrombin was inhibited by QSLC, but the drug had no effect on AA-induced platelet aggregation and content of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in plasma and the aortic wall. These results suggest that QSLC can be used in the prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases, and that its mechanism of action may be related to inhibition of platelet aggregation.Keywords：Qushuanling Capsule;thrombosis;Platelet Aggregation
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of pain and functional limitation. Short-term Baduanjin (八段锦) exercise had been testified to be beneficial to the disease. This study conducted an initial assessment of the one-year Baduanjin exercise on knee OA. The recruited patients practiced Baduanjin at the community recreational center. Sessions were held for 30 min five times a week for one year. Knee pain, stiffness, physical disability, general health, knee extensors and flexors strength, and aerobic ability were measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), the 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT), and the Isokinetic Strength of the Knee Extensors and Flexors (ISKEF). Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated before and after the study period for comparison. Twenty-eight patients signed the informed consent. Six patients withdrew from the trial. Twenty-two patients (29 knees) completed the one-year study. After one-year Baduanjin exercise, WOMAC pain (132.0±69.6 vs. 56.2±67.6, P=0.000), stiffness (64.7±54.8 vs. 22.3±34.6, P=0.000), and physical function subscales (386.1±275.8 vs. 182.0±235.7, P=0.003); SF-36 body pain (45.7±20.0 vs. 57.4±17.9, P=0.005), general health (50.5±20.0 vs. 62.1±16.1, P=0.004), role emotional (64.4±26.1 vs. 73.5±21.3, P=0.047), and health transition (3.3±1.0 vs. 2.6±1.0, P=0.008); BMI (25.0±2.9 vs. 24.4±2.9, P=0.032); 6-MWT (565.7±94.6 vs. 610.5±66.7, P=0.036); and ISKEF Peak Torque (the Knee Extensors: 60.5±25.5 vs. 76.8±31, P=0.000; the Knee Flexors: 29.3±15.9 vs. 37.1±15.8, P=0.001) were significantly improved. No adverse effects resulted from the exercise. It suggested that the long-term Baduanjin could be a feasible and safe exercise option for knee OA.Keywords：Baduanjin;Alternative Therapy;exercise;osteoarthritis;knee
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Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To discuss the relationship between tongue manifestation and the degree of neurological impairment in the patients with acute cerebral infarction. Two hundred patients with first unilateral cerebral infarction were recruited. The relationship between different tongue manifestation and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were analyzed. NIHSS scores in the patients from different tongue color groups were analyzed and further analysis demonstrated that the NIHSS score was higher in the patients with red or bluish-purple tongue than that of those with the pink (P <0.01). On tongue fur, the NIHSS score in the patients with thick fur was higher than that of those with the thin (P=0.003). NIHSS score in patients with slippery, moist or dry fur was significant different (P=0.003), Further analysis demonstrated that the NIHSS score was higher in the patients with dry fur than that of those with moist fur, and had statistical significance (P=0.01). The NIHSS score was higher in patients from greasy fur group than that of the non-greasy (P=0.002). There was significant difference of NHISS score in the patients with different fur color (P=0.000), and further analysis demonstrated that the NHISS score in white-yellow, yellow fur group were higher than that of the white (P=0.06 or 0.000). The changes of tongue manifestation might be associated with the degree of neurological impairment in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.Keywords：Cerebral Infarction;tongue manifestation;fur color;fur texture
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Published：2021-08-27
OriginalPaper
- Abstract：Carthamus tinctorius L. is commonly known as Safflower. C. tinctorius extracts and oil are important in drug development with numerous pharmacological activities in the world. This plant is cultivated mainly for its seed, which is used as edible oil. For a long time C. tinctorius has been used in traditional medicines as a purgative, analgesic, antipyretic and an antidote to poisoning. It is a useful plant in painful menstrual problems, post-partum hemorrhage and osteoporosis. C. tinctorius has recently been shown to have antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities. Carthamin, safflower yellow are the main constituents in the flower of C. tinctorius. Carthamidin, isocarthamidin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, safflor yellow A, safflamin C and luteolin are the main constituents which are reported from this plant. Caryophyllene, p-allyltoluene, 1-acetoxytetralin and heneicosane were identified as the major components for C. tinctorius flowers essential oil. Due to the easy collection of the plant and being widespread and also remarkable biological activities, this plant has become both food and medicine in many parts of the world. This review presents comprehensive analyzed information on the botanical, chemical and pharmacological aspects of C. tinctorius.Keywords：Carthamus Tinctorius;Asteraceae;Safflower;phytochemistry;pharmacology
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Published：2021-08-27
ReviewPaper
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