Latest Issue
2016 Year 22 Vol. 5 Issue
- Abstract：Herbal medicines (HMs) are often used in combination with Western medicines (WMs) to improve therapeutic efficacies of orthodox medicines. This review discussed the current status of combination treatment with HMs and WMs in clinical practices. The influence of HMs on bioavailability of WMs was also discussed from the pharmacokinetic point of view. In addition, benefits and considerations of combination treatment were discussed using data obtained from clinical trials and randomized controlled trials of HMs treatment in skin diseases.Keywords：combination treatment;herbal medicine;Atopic Dermatitis;psoriasis;pharmacokinetics
- 894
- |
- 0
- |
- 3
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the efficacy and safety of the Chinese herbal therapeutic regimen of activating blood circulation (TRABC) in treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). This was a multi-center prospective randomized open-label blinded-endpoint (PROBE) trial with HICH admitted to 12 hospitals. Totally 240 participants were randomized to the treatment group treated with TRABC in addition to conventional Western treatment or the control group with conventional Western treatment equally for 3 months. Primary outcome was degree of disability as measured by modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Secondary outcomes were the absorption of hematoma and edema, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and patient-reported outcome measures for stroke and Barthel activities of daily living index. Adverse events and mortality were also recorded. After 3 months of treatment, the rate of mRS 0-1 and mRS 0-2 in the treatment group was 72.5% and 80.4%, respectively, and in the control group 48.1% and 63.9%, respectively, with a significant difference between groups (P<0.01). Hematoma volume decreased significantly at day 7 of treatment in the treatment group than the control group (P=0.038). Average Barthel scores in the treatment group after treatment was 89.11±19.93, and in the control group 82.18±24.02 (P=0.003). NIHSS scores of the two groups after treatment decreased significantly compared with before treatment (P=0.001). Patient-reported outcomes in the treatment group were lower than the control group at day 21 and 3 months of treatment (P<0.05). There were 4 deaths, 2 in each group, and 11 adverse events, 6 in the treatment group and 5 in the control group. The integrative therapy combined TRABC with conventional Western treatment for HICH could promote hematoma absorption thus minimize neurologic impairment, without increasing intracerebral hematoma expansion and re-bleeding.Keywords：hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage;activating blood circulation to remove stasis;Chinese herbs;prospective randomized open-label blinded-endpoint trial
- 811
- |
- 0
- |
- 5
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To assess the biological effects of the six-herb mixture Anti-Insomia Formula (AIF) extract using caffeine-induced insomnia Drosophila model and short-sleep mutants. Caffeineinduced insomnia wild-type Drosophila and short-sleep mutant flies minisleep (mns) and HyperkineticY (HkY) were used to assess the hypnotic effects of the AIF in vivo. The night time activity, the amount of night time sleep and the number of sleep bouts were determined using Drosophila activity monitoring system. Sleep was defined as any period of uninterrupted behavioral immobility (0 count per minute) lasting > 5 min. Night time sleep was calculated by summing up the sleep time in the dark period. Number of sleep bouts was calculated by counting the number of sleep episodes in the dark period. AIF at the dosage of 50 mg/mL, effectively attenuated caffeine-induced wakefulness (P<0.01) in wild-type Canton-S flies as indicated by the reduction of the sleep bouts, night time activities and increase of the amount of night time sleep. AIF also significantly reduced sleeping time of short-sleep HkY mutant flies (P<0.01). However, AIF did not produce similar effect in mns mutants. AIF might be able to rescue the abnormal condition caused by mutated modulatory subunit of the tetrameric potassium channel, but not rescuing the abnormal nerve firing caused by Shaker gene mutation. This study provides the scientific evidence to support the use of AIF in Chinese medicine for promoting sleep quality in insomnia.Keywords：caffeine;hypnotic effects;Ziziphus jujube;Polygonum multiflorum;Poria Cocos;Triticum aestivu;Anemarrhena asphodeloides;Polygala tenuifolia;Chinese Medicine
- 850
- |
- 0
- |
- 7
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effect of three major ginsenosides from mountain ginseng as anticancer substance and explore the underlying mechanism involved in lung cancer. The inhibitory proliferation of lung cancer by major five ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rg1, Rc, and Re) was examined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Calculated 50% inhibition (IC50) values of five ginsenosides were determined and compared each other. Apoptosis by the treatment of single ginsenoside was performed by fluorescence-assisted cytometric spectroscopy. The alterations of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The abundance of ginsenosides in butanol extract of mountain ginseng (BX-MG) was revealed in the order of Rb1, Rg1, Re, Rc and Rb2. Among them, Rb1 was the most effective to lung cancer cell, followed by Rb2 and Rg1 on the basis of relative IC50 values of IMR90 versus A549 cell. The alterations of apoptotic proteins were confirmed in lung cancer A549 cells according to the administration of Rb1, Rb2 and Rg1. The expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were increased upon the treatment of three ginsenosides, however, the levels of caspase-9 and anti-apoptotic protein Bax were not changed. Major ginsenosides such as Rb1, Rb2 and Rg1 comprising BX-MG induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells via extrinsic apoptotic pathway rather than intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.Keywords：Butanol extract of mountain ginseng;Ginsenoside;lung cancer;apoptosis
- 874
- |
- 0
- |
- 15
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the effect and the potential mechanism of Senegenin (Sen) against injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in highly differentiated PC12 cells. The cultured PC12 cells were treated with H/R in the presence or absence of Sen (60 μmol/L). Four groups were included in the experiment: control group, H/R group, H/R+Sen group and Sen group. Cell viability of each group and the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium were detected for the pharmacological effect of Sen. Hoechst 33258 staining and annexin V/propidium iodide double staining were used to analyze the apoptosis rate. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) were measured by fluorescent staining and flow cytometry. Cleaved caspase-3 and activity of NADPH oxidase (NOX) were determined by colorimetric protease assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Sen significantly elevated cell viability (P<0.05), decreased the leakage of LDH (P<0.05) and apoptosis rate (P<0.05) in H/R-injured PC12 cells. Sen maintained the value of △Ψm (P<0.05) and suppressed the activity of caspase-3 (P<0.05). Moreover, Sen reduced ROS accumulation P<0.05) and [Ca2+]i increment (P<0.05) by inhibiting the activity of NOX (P<0.05). Sen may exert cytoprotection against H/R injury by decreasing the levels of intracellular ROS and [Ca2+]i, thereby suppressing the mitochondrial pathway of cellular apoptosis.Keywords：senegenin;hypoxia/reoxygenation;PC12 cells;reactive oxygen species;NAPDH oxidase
- 725
- |
- 0
- |
- 2
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the anti-cancer effects of crude extract from Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc and its possible molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Transonic alcohol-chloroform extraction method was used to extract toosendanin from the bark of Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc, and the content of toosendanin in the crude extract was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Anti-cancer effects of crude extract from Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc were investigated in in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vitro experiment, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and Hep3B were co-incubated with toosendanin crude extract of different concentrations, respectively. In the in vivo experiment, BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cells and treated with crude extract. HPLC revealed the content of toosendanin was about 15%. Crude extract from Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc inhibited cancer cells growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50, 72 h) was 0.6 mg/L for SMMC-7721 cells and 0.8 mg/L for Hep3B cells. Both high-dose [0.69 mg/(kg d)] and low-dose [0.138 mg/(kg d)] crude extract could markedly suppress cancer growth, and the inhibition rate was greater than 50%. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed necrotic area in cancers and transmission electron microscopy displayed necrotic and apoptotic cancer cells with apoptotic bodies. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bax and Fas increased and the expression of Bcl-2 reduced. Toosendanin extract has potent anti-cancer effects via suppressing proliferation and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism of apoptosis involves in mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway.Keywords：crude extract;Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc;anti-cancer activity;SMMC-7721 cell;Hep3B cell;murine hepatocellular carcinoma
- 808
- |
- 0
- |
- 6
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To compare the effects of Shenfu Injection (SFI) and epinephrine (EPI) on catecholamine levels in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest (CA). After 8 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation, 24 Wuzhishan miniature pigs were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (n=8 per group) and received central venous injection, respectively: SFI group (1 mL/kg), EPI group (20 μg/kg EPI), and normal saline (NS) group. Cardiac output (CO), maximum rate of increase/decrease in left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt), serum levels of EPI, norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) were determined at baseline and at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation. The duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was shorter in the EPI and SFI groups than in the NS group (P<0.05). The EPI level increased significantly after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in all three groups, and was significantly different between the EPI group and the other two groups immediately after ROSC (both P<0.01), but these differences gradually disappeared over time. There were no significant differences in NE or DA levels among the three groups, and there were no correlations between catecholamine levels and CO or dp/dt (P>0.05). SFI did not significantly affect endogenous catecholamine levels during cardiopulmonary resuscitation after prolonged ventricular fibrillation. However, SFI improved oxygen metabolism, and produced a better hemodynamic status compared with EPI. SFI might be a potentially vasopressor drug for the treatment of CA.Keywords：cardiac arrest;ventricular fibrillation;cardiopulmonary resuscitation;catecholamine;Shenfu Injection
- 680
- |
- 0
- |
- 2
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To examine the relaxant effects of hydro-ethanolic, macerated aqueous (MA) and lipidfree macerated aqueous (LFMA) extract of Tymus vulgaris on tracheal chains of guinea pigs. The relaxant effects of five cumulative concentrations of each extract (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 g/100 mL) were compared with saline as negative control and five cumulative concentrations of theophylline (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mmol/L) on precontracted tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pig with 60 mmol/L KCl (group 1) and 10 µmol/L methacholine (group 2, n=6 for each group). In group 1 all concentrations of theophylline, three higher concentrations of hydro-ethanolic, two concentrations of LFMA and last concentration of MA extracts showed significant relaxant effects compared with that of saline (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Two lower concentrations of LFMA and all concentrations of MA except higher one caused contraction compared with saline (P<0.05 or 0.01). In group 2 experiments, all concentrations of theophylline, hydro-ethanolic, MA and LFMA extracts showed significant relaxant effects compared to that of saline (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In both groups, the relaxant effect of all concentrations of hydro-ethanolic extract were significantly higher than most concentrations of others (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The relaxant effect of different concentrations of three extracts were significantly greater in group 2 compared with group 1 experiments (all P<0.01). There were significantly positive correlations between the relaxant effects and concentrations for theophylline and all extracts in both groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Hydro-ethanolic extract has a potent weaker relaxant effect for other extracts from Tymus vulgaris on tracheal chains of guinea pigs.Keywords：Tymus vulgaris;hydro-ethanolic extract;macerated aqueous extract;lipid-free macerated aqueous extract;relaxant effect;guinea pig;tracheal
- 619
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：To investigate the anti-tumor activity and molecular mechanism of Tonglian Decoction (通莲汤, TLD) on esophageal carcinoma Eca109 cells. Eca109 cells were treated with TLD and its separated formulae, including the clearing-heat and detoxification formula (Q), activating-blood and promoting-qi formula (H) and nourishing-yin and blood formula (Z). Cell proliferation was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay, cell morphology was observed using a microscope, the cell cycle was measured using flow cytometry and the activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway was detected by Western blot. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations of TLD, Q and H were 386, 771 and 729 mg/L, respectively. TLD, Q and H significantly inhibited cell proliferation, with 69.43%, 60.84% and 61.90% of treated cells in the G phase of the cell cycle. The percentage of cells in S phase increased significantly after treatment with TLD, Q, and H compared with the control group (P<0.05), and TLD showed the strongest effect. Z had no influence on the cell cycle compared with the control group (P>0.05). Western blot detection indicated slight differences in the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by the different formulae. TLD formula strongly inhibited IKKβ, NF-κB, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α expression compared with the control group. TLD inhibited Eca109 cell proliferation by arresting cells in S phase. The possible mechanism might be related to inhibiting the NF-κB transduction cascade. The combination of the herbs found in the three separate formulae, H, Q and Z, work synergistically in TLD to produce the inhibitory effects of TLD treatment on Eca109 proliferation.Keywords：esophageal carcinoma;Eca109 cells, Tonglian Decoction;proliferation;cell cycle;nuclear factor-kappa B;Chinese Medicine
- 608
- |
- 0
- |
- 2
Published：2021-08-27 - Keywords：systemic lupus erythematosus;Nephrotic Syndrome;Lupus Nephritis;Primary Biliary Cirrhosis;Lower Extremity Edema
- 656
- |
- 0
- |
- 5
Published：2021-08-27 - Abstract：Acupuncture is an oldest somato stimulus medical technique. As the most representative peripheral nerve stimulation therapy, it has a complete system of theory and application and is applicable to a large population. This paper expounds the bionic origins of acupuncture and analyzes the physiological mechanism by which acupuncture works. For living creatures, functionally sound viscera and effective endurance of pain are essential for survival. This paper discusses the way in which acupuncture increases the pain threshold of living creatures and the underlying mechanism from the perspective of bionics. Acupuncture can also help to adjust visceral functions and works most effectively in facilitating the process of digestion and restraining visceral pain. This paper makes an in-depth overview of peripheral nerve stimulation therapy represented by acupuncture. We look forward to the revival of acupuncture, a long-standing somato stimulus medicine, in the modern medical systems.Keywords：somato stimulus;acupuncture;mechanism of action
- 834
- |
- 0
- |
- 5
Published：2021-08-27
OriginalPaper
- 邮编：100091
- 联系电话：010-62886827, 62877592 传真：010-62874291
- 技术支持由北京北大方正电子有限公司提供 京ICP备05067934号-1
京公网安备11010802024621 - 本系统建议在Chrome、 IE9+ 以上版本浏览器阅读本站内容，360浏览器请切换至极速模式
- Cookies帮助我们提供服务并提供个性化体验。使用本网站，即表示您同意我们使用Cookies
0