Latest Issue
2020 Year 26 Vol. 7 Issue
- Abstract：Primary Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that can lead to systemic manifestations. At present, immunomodulatory agents have not shown good efficacy, many patients in China seek Chinese medicine treatment. Chinese medicine can comprehensively improve the symptoms of patients through Chinese pattern diagnosis and individualized treatment. Fundamental researches are providing scientific bases for the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine. Professional Chinese medicine treatment can be integrated into the conventional management of primary Sjögren's syndrome.Keywords：primary Sjogren's syndrome;immunomodulatory agents;Chinese medicine
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a long duration of illness, for which there is no cure. Patients often suffer from anxiety and depression due to various reasons, exhibiting a decline in their quality of life. Chinese medicine (CM) has certain advantages in the treatment of pSS, which not only helps relieve clinical symptoms and improve treatment outcomes, but also reduces anxiety and depression and improves the quality of life. Therefore, CM should be considered as early as possible given its effectiveness and synergistic effects in treating pSS.Keywords：primary Sjogren's syndrome;Chinese medicine therapy;quality of life;anxiety and depression
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Published：2021-08-23
Feature Article
- Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a Chinese medicine (CM) Modified Qufeng Runmian Powder (加减祛风润面散, MQFRMP) for the treatment of acne vulgaris with CM syndromes of dampness and blood stasis.Methods:In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 220 acne vulgaris patients with CM syndrome of dampness and blood stasis were included and randomly assigned using a central area group random design to receive either MQFRMP or the placebo, with 110 cases in each group. MQFRMP or a placebo at 145 g/bag were administered once daily for 4 weeks, respectively. The primary index of efficacy was the effective rate according to the acne severity score (ASS). The secondary indices of efficacy included the changes in the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) score, VISIA scores (spots, pores, brown spots, porphyrins and red areas) and skin assessment (skin pH, sebum amount and hydration) according to a SOFT skin multianalyzer.Results:(1) Follow-up: a total of 204 patients completed the follow-up, with 103 in the treatment group and 101 in the control group. (2) Effective rate: the total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group [83.5% (86/103) vs. 31.7% (32/101), P<0.01)] with 95% confidence interval of 39.3%–66.4%. (3) DLQI: DLQI scores were significantly decreased the treatment and control groups (both P<0.01), but the treatment group was more obvious than the placebo group (P<0.01). (4) VISIA scores: the scores of spots, brown spots and red areas in the treatment group decreased compared with baseline (P<0.05). In the control group, the scores of brown spots and pores decreased compared with baseline (P<0.05). The improvement was more obvious in the treatment group than in the control group for all items (P<0.05). (5) Skin assessment : the pH and sebum score in the both groups decreased drastically compared with the baseline (all P<0.01), however, the improvement was more obvious in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.01). The hydration amount in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference compared with the baseline (both P>0.05). (6) Safety: two cases of mild drug allergy were observed in the treatment group.Conclusion:MQFRMP was effective and safe for the treatment of acne vulgaris with syndromes of dampness and blood stasis. (No. ChiCTR1900020479).Keywords：acne vulgaris;syndromes of dampness and blood stasis;Chinese medicine;modified Qufeng Runmian Powder;placebo;randomized controlled trial
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To investigate the impacts of two herbal preparations for human immunodeficiency virus/aquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients, Shenling Fuzheng Capsule (参灵扶正胶囊, SLFZC) and Qingdu Capsule (清毒胶囊, QDC), on the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Methods:HIV/AIDS patients met the criteria were all enrolled in a 1-year cohort study, in which patients receiving HAART alone were designated as Group A, those receiving HAART in combination with SLFZC were designated as Group B, and those receiving HAART in combination with QDC were designated as Group C, 100 cases in each group. The dose of SLFZC was 1.48 g (4 capsules), 3 times daily, and QDC 1.56 g (4 capsules), 3 times daily. T cell subsets, HIV RNA and HIV-1 drug resistance were detected at enrollment and 1 year after treatment. Patients were followed up every 3 months, during which side-effects and other clinical data were recorded.Results:After 1-year treatment, the median increment in CD4 counts was 165.0, 178.0 and 145.0 cells/μL for Group A, B and C, respectively. HIV RNA was undetectable in 94% of patients in Group A, 96% in Group B and 92% in Group C. There were no differences regarding the increment in CD4 counts, HIV RNA and frequency of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations. Two of the 14 suspected side-effect symptoms, i.e. fatigue and dizziness, were lower in Groups B and C than in Group A (P<0.05, respectively).Conclusion:SLFZC and QDC do not have a negative impact on immunological and virological response to HAART; however, these preparations are not as potent in reducing HAART-associated side-effects as anticipated.Keywords：human immunodeficiency syndrome;aquired immune deficiency syndrome;Chinese medicine;Shenling Fuzheng Capsule;Qingdu Capsule
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To investigate the mechanism of cAMP-PKA signaling pathway mediated by Chinese medicine formula Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (芍药甘草汤, SGD) on the regulation of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and muscarinic receptor 3 (M3R) levels in Sjögren's syndrome (SS).Methods:Of the 30 mice, 5 were randomly selected as control, and others were used for creating SS model. After successful modeling, mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=5 per group) and intragastrically administered with saline (8 mL/kg), pilocarpine (1.4 mg/kg), or low, medium and high doses SGD (0.14, 0.21, 0.35 g/kg Radix paeoniae with 0.01 g/kg Radix glycyrrhizae, respectively) for 6 weeks. Human labial gland acinar cells were treated with pilocarpine or varying doses of SGD with saline as the placebo. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the submandibular glands of mice. The serum levels of anti-SS antigen A (SS-A), anti-SS antigen B (SS-B), M3R, and α-fodrin in submandibular glands of mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the spatial localization of AQP5 and M3R in acinar cells. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of PKA, cAMP, Epac1, AQP5, M3R, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in submandibular gland tissues and cells of each group.Results:Compared to normal mice, body weight, 5-min salivary secretion, 30-min secretion of tears and breakup time of tear film of model mice decreased at 1–6 weeks after immunization (all P<0.05), whereas water intake increased (all P<0.05). In the model group, glands of the submandibular glands showed atrophy, accompanied by acini of different sizes, decreased numbers and loose arrangement, with catheter dilatation and different degrees of lymphocyte infiltration. Conditions of mice in SGD groups were improved. The positive expression of AQP5 and M3R were higher in the acinar cells treated with all doses SGD compared to the normal group; serum levels of SS-A, SS-B, and α-fodrin were lower, and that of M3R was higher in all doses SGD treated animals than the model or pilocarpine treated ones (all P<0.05). Compared to the model and pilocarpine groups, the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and TNF-α were lower in mice or cells treated with medium or high-dose SGD (all P<0.05), while those of PKA, Epac1, AQP5 and M3R were higher (all P<0.05).Conclusion:SGD can improve symptoms of SS by regulating the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway and increasing AQP5 and M3R levels.Keywords：Shaoyao Gancao Decoction;Chinese medicine;cAMP-PKA;Sjögren's syndrome;mouse
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the effect of baicalin on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats and explore the potential mechanisms.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats underwent experimental SAH and received treatment with baicalin at 10 or 50 mg/kg after 2 and 12 h of SAH. Neurological scores, brain water content, Evans-blue extravasation, and levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured 24 h after SAH. Expression of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), occludin, and zonulaoccludens-1 (ZO-1) were detected in the brain by Western blot. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Baicalin attenuated EBI 24 h after SAH in rats (P<0.05). Baicalin elevated neurological scores, GSH-Px, SOD, and increased the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in SAH rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Baicalin reduced MPO, MDA, and the expression of MMP-9, AQP4, TNF-α, and IL-1β (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Baicalin reduced SAH-induced EBI, partially via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of MMP-9 and AQP4.Keywords：aquaporin 4;baicalin;Chinese medicine;early brain injury;matrix metalloproteinase-9;subarachnoid hemorrhage
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To investigate the efficacy of frankincense and myrrha in the treatment of acute interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS).Methods:The effects of frankincense and myrrha on the proliferation and migration of primary human urothelial cells (HUCs) were assessed in vitro. In the animal study, 48 virgin female rats were randomized into 4 groups (12 in each group): (1) control group (saline-injected control); (2) cyclophosphamide (CYP) group (intraperitoneal injected 150 mg/kg CYP); (3) CYP + pentosan polysulfate sodium group (orally received 50 mg/kg pentosan polysulfate sodium); and (4) CYP + frankincense and myrrha group [orally received frankincense (200 mg/kg) and myrrha (200 mg/kg)]. Rats orally received pentosan polysulfate sodium or frankincense and myrrha on day 1, 2, and 3. The experiments were performed on day 4. Pain and cystometry assessment behavior test were performed. Voiding interval values were assessed in rats under anesthesia. Finally, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to confirm the location and level, respectively, of cell junction-associated protein zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) expression.Results:Low dose frankincense and myrrha increased cell proliferation and migration in HUCs compared with control (P<0.05). Rats with acute IC/PBS rats exhibited lower voiding interval values, pain tolerance, and ZO-2 expression (P<0.05). Voiding interval values and pain tolerance were higher in the frankincense and myrrha group than CYP group (P<0.05). ZO-2 expression in the bladder was increased in the CYP + pentosan polysulfate and frankincense + myrrha groups compared with the CYP-induced acute IC/PBS group (P<0.05).Conclusion:frankincense and myrrha modulate urothelial wound healing, which ameliorates typical features of acute IC/PBS in rats.Keywords：frankincense;myrrha;acute interstitial cystitis;painful bladder syndrome;cell junction-associated protein
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To seek potential Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through the molecular docking of the medicine with SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolytic enzyme and the angiotensin converting enzyme Ⅱ (ACE2) as receptors, using computer virtual screening technique, so as to provide a basis for combination forecasting.Methods:The molecular docking of CHM with the SARS-Cov-2 3CL hydrolase and the ACE2 converting enzyme, which were taken as the targets, was achieved by the Autodock Vina software. The CHM monomers acting on 3CLpro and ACE2 receptors were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, the active ingredients were selected, and the key CHMs and compounds were speculated. Based on the perspective of network pharmacology, the chemical-target network was constructed, and the functional enrichment analysis of gene ontology and the pathway enrichment analysis of Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes were carried out by DAVID to speculate about the mechanism of action of the core drug pairs.Results:There are 6 small molecule compounds that have the optimal binding energy with the two target proteins. Among 238 potential anti-COVID-19 herbs screened in total, 16 kinds of CHM containing the most active ingredients, and 5 candidate anti-COVID-19 herbs that had been used in high frequency, as well as a core drug pair, namely, Forsythiae Fructus-Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were selected.Conclusion:The core drug pair of Forsythiae Fructus-Lonicerae Japonicae Flos containing multiple components and targets is easy to combine with 3CLpro and ACE2, and exerts an anti-COVID-19 pneumonia effect through multi-component and multi-target, and plays the role of anti-COVID-19 pneumonia in multi-pathway.Keywords：molecular docking;Covid-19;SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolytic enzyme;angiotensin converting enzyme Ⅱ;Chinese medicine
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Published：2021-08-23 - Abstract：Objective:To investigate the antiproliferative activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. (SM) on the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cell line DU-145 in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Prostate cancer cell line (DU-145) and normal prostate cell line (RWPE-1) were treated with SM at different concentrations (3.125, 12.5, 25 and 50 μg/mL) to investigate the antiproliferative effects. DNA laddering analysis was performed to investigate the apoptosis of DU-145 cells. Molecular mechanism was investigated by Western blot analysis of p53, Bcl-2, prostate specific antigen (PSA), and androgen receptor (AR). Six-week-old male BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into normal control group (n=101) and treated group (n=101) which administered 500 mg/kg SM for 2 weeks. Tumor volumes were measured.Results:Treatment with SM resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell number of DU-145 cells in comparison with RWPE-1. DNA laddering analysis indicated the apoptosis of DU-145 cells. Treatment with SM increased the expression of p53 and reduced the expression of Bcl-2 proteins. The levels of PSA were considerably reduced in SM-treated group compared to the controls, and a decrease in AR expression was observed when cells were treated with SM in the same pattern as a reduction in PSA. In the tumour xenograft study, SM given once a day for 2 weeks significantly inhibited tumour growth.Conclusion:SM might contribute to the anticancer actions such as induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of prostate cancer cells.Keywords：apoptosis;prostate cancer;Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.;Chinese medicine
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Published：2021-08-23
Original Article
- Abstract：With increasing morbidity and mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has become one of the major causes of human death, leading to heavy burdens to individuals, families and society. Previous researches have found that though large amount of resources and great effort were devoted, no significant improvements were achieved in reducing the in-hospital mortality of AMI patients. Meanwhile, extensive studies about Chinese medicine (CM) have found that CM has special advantages in treating AMI patients. However, there is no standardized and unified clinical practice guideline (CPG) of CM for AMI. Therefore, a CPG with strict standard and generally acknowledgement is urgent to be established. This guideline was developed following the methodological process established by the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development. Extensive search on clinical evidences including systematic review (SR), randomized controlled trial (RCT), observational study and case reports was launched, covering evidence of CM for AMI on several aspects, such as diagnosis, CM patterns, CM interventions on AMI and complications, cardiac rehabilitation and clinical pathway management. Besides, the application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach enabled the evaluation of evidence and formulation of grade of recommendation (GOR) and level of evidence (LOE). With the help of GOR and LOE, this CPG recommends the integrative CM and WM treatment method in AMI patients and provides useful information on medical decision for clinical physicians.Keywords：acute myocardial infarction;integrative Chinese and Western medicine;clinical practice guideline
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Published：2021-08-23
Regulation and Guideline
- Abstract：Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation causes massive threatening diseases, such as sepsis, acute lung injury and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Efficient treatment to prevent inflammation is crucial in LPS-induced inflammatory diseases. Heat-clearing Chinese medicines (CMs) have been used to ameliorate LPS-induced inflammation in China for centuries. Heat-clearing CMs regulate inflammatory pathways, thereby inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors. This review aimed to introduce promising heat-clearing CMs countering LPS-induced inflammation in the last 5 years, exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms.Keywords：Chinese medicine;heat-clearing;lipopolysaccharide;inflammation;review
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Published：2021-08-23
Review
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