Latest Issue
2021 Year 27 Vol. 3 Issue
Regulation and Guideline
- Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal external umbilicus treatment with Modified Dinggui Powder (加味丁桂散, MDGP) in patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP).Methods:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 72 patients with CNP. Participants were randomly allocated to a treatment group and a placebo group using computer software in a 1:1 ratio, and received either MDGP external umbilicus treatment (MDGP group, 36 cases) or placebo (control group, 36 cases) at acupoints Shenque (CV 8), twice a week for 4 weeks. In addtion, patients all received herbal medicine treatment twice a day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the US National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Scores Index (NIH-CPSI) with a questionnaire at weeks 2 and 4. The secondary outcomes including prostatic fluid examination (white blood cells and lecithin bodies), the clinical efficacy evaluation, and the adverse events were also assessed during the entire trial.Results:The NIH-CPSI scores regarding pain or discomfort scores showed greater improvement in the MDGP group than placebo control group at weeks 2 (P=0.001) and week 4 (P=0.004), respectively. NIH-CPSI scores of symptom severity, total scores and leukocytes number in the prostatic fluid in the MDGP group were significantly improved (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the urinary symptoms, quality of life, lecithin and other scores between two groups (P>0.05). The clinical effective rate was 73.53% (25/34) in the MDGP group, which was significally higher than the placebo control group with 48.39% (25/31, P<0.05). Patients were blinded successfully, and no serious adverse effects were found during the trial.Conclusion:A 4-week course of umbilicus treatment with modified Dinggui Powder seems to relieve pain and symptom severity effectively and increase the amount of leukocytes number in patients with CNP (Trial registration No. ChiCTR1800014687).Keywords：Modified Dinggui Powder;umbilicus treatment;chronic nonbacterial prostatitis;randomized;placebo-controlled trial
- 179
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-16 - Abstract：Objective:To determine the effectiveness and safety of essential oil from Citrus aurantium on anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography.Methods:A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in 80 patients experiencing coronary angiography in Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran from April to November in 2016. All patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups by a random number table, 40 cases in each group. The patients in the intervention group inhaled Citrus aurantium essential oil for 15–20 min about 60 min before angiography. Following the same procedure, distilled water was used instead of Citrus aurantium in the control group. Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was filled in and vital signs including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respiratory and pulse rate were recorded before and 20 min after the intervention. Adverse reactions after intervention were observed.Results:In the intervention group, the mean scores of STAI, SBP, DBP, respiratory and pulse rate were 53.30±10.13, 134.82±11.75 mm Hg, 84.49±6.99 mm Hg, 17.87±1.73 times/min, and 76.48±12.55 beats/min at baseline and significantly decreased to 42.37±10.15, 124.49±10.48 mm Hg, 79.23±6.62 mm Hg, 14.54±1.43 times/min, and 70.03±13.66 beats/min respectively 20 min after intervention (all P<0.05); however, in the control group, neither anxiety scores nor vital signs changed significantly (P>0.05). All subjects reported no adverse reactions.Conclusion:Inhalation of the essential oil from Citrus aurantium was effective in reducing anxiety and stress levels in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Trial registration: IRCT2016040816797N2 (retrospectively registered on 21 April 2016, https://en.irct.ir/trial/15600)Keywords：single-blind;randomized controlled trial;essential oil;Citrus aurantium;anxiety;coronary angiography;non-drug treatment;aromatherapy
- 136
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-16 - Abstract：Objective:To reveal the effect and mechanism of Jiaotai Pill (交泰丸, JTP) on insomniac rats.Methods:The insomniac model was established by intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). In behavioral experiments, rats were divided into control, insomniac model, JTP [3.3 g/(kg•d)], and diazepam [4 mg/(kg•d)] groups. The treatment effect of JTP was evaluated by weight measurement (increasement of body weight), open field test (number of crossings) and forced swimming test (immobility time). A high performance liquid chromatography–electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) method was built to determine the concentration of monoamine transmitters in hypothalamus and peripheral organs from normal, model, JTP, citalopram [30 mg/(kg•d)], maprotiline [40 mg/(kg•d)] and bupropion [40 mg/(kg•d)] groups. Expressions of serotonin transporter (SERT), dopamine transporter (DAT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET) were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot in normal, model and JTP groups. A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was established to determine the pharmacokinetics, urine cumulative excretion of metformin in vivo, and tissue slice uptake in vitro, which were applied to assess the activity of organic cation transporters (OCTs) in hypothalamus and peripheral organs.Results:Compared with the insomniac model group, the body weight and spontaneous locomotor were increased, and the immobility time was decreased after treatment with JTP (P<0.01). Both serotonin and dopamine contents in hypothalamus and peripheral organs were increased (P<0.01). The norepinephrine content was increased in peripheral organs and decreased in hypothalamus (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At the same time, SERT, DAT, OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 were down-regulated in hypothalamus and peripheral organs (P<0.05). NET was down-regulated in peripheral organs and up-regulated in hypothalamus (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the activity of OCTs in hypothalamus and peripheral organs was inhibited (P<0.05).Conclusion:JTP alleviates insomnia through regulation of monoaminergic system and OCTs in hypothalamus and peripheral organs.Keywords：Jiaotai Pill;monoaminergic system;monoamine transmitters;hypothalamus;peripheral organs;sleep disorder;Chinese medicine
- 155
- |
- 0
- |
- 1
Published：2021-08-16 - Abstract：Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Radix Kansui (RK) stir-fried with vinegar (VRK) decreased hepatotoxicity in mice.Methods:According to a random number table, 40 mice were randomly divided into negative control group (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 20 mL/kg), positive control group (0.1% mixture of carbon tetrachloride in soybean oil, 20 mL/kg), RK group (the ethyl acetate extracts of RK, 250 g crude drug/kg) and VRK group (the ethyl acetate extracts of VRK, 250 g crude drug/kg) with 10 mice per group. All mice were administered orally by gavage daily for 7 continuous days. The morphology of liver tissues was examined to assess the liver injury by a transmission electron microscope. Hepatocyte apoptosis in vivo was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nickend labeling (TUNEL) assay. Immunohistochemical technique was adopted to detect the expression of particular antiapoptotic and proapoptotic proteins in the mitochondrial pathways, including B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) and caspase-3, as well as the expression of inflammatory mediators, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).Results:Liver injury and hepatocyte apoptosis were observed in RK mice, and the liver injury were significantly reduced in VRK-treated mice. In immunohistochemistry study, compared with the negative control group, RK inhibited dramatically the Bcl-2 protein expression and significantly increased the expression of caspase-3, NF-κB and ICAM-1 (allP<0.01). Compared with the RK group, VRK group induced significant increase on Bcl-2 protein expression, and decreased the caspase-3, NF-κB and ICAM-1 protein expression (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:The mechanism of reduced hepatotoxicity of VRK may be associated with the reduced inflammation, regulation of antiapoptotic and proapoptotic mediators in the mitochondrial pathway.Keywords：Radix Kansui;mitochondrial pathway;hepatotoxicity;apoptosis;inflammation;Chinese medicine
- 143
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-16 - Abstract：Objective:To observe the effect of Modified Xijiao Dihuang Decoction (加味犀角地黄汤, MXDD) on rats with radiation enteritis, and explore its action mechanism.Methods:Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the control, model, dexamethasone (DXM), golden bifid (GB) and MXDD groups using random number table, 6 rats in each group. Except the control group, the other rats were developed into radiation enteritis model by exposing to a single 60Co-γ ray at a dose of 11 Gy. The rats in the DXM, GB and MXDD groups were treated with DXM (1.425 mg/kg), GB (0.8 g/kg) and MXDD (36.0 g/kg) once daily for 3 days, respectively. Body weight and diarrhea condition of rats were evaluated daily. On day 3, the feces of rats were collected for intestinal flora detection and the small intestinal tissues were also collected. Bacterial species annotation, alpha and beta diversities as well as composition of intestinal flora were detected and compared. The protein and mRNA expressions of interleukin 17 (IL-17), retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma t (RORγt) and forkhead/ winged helix transcription factor p3 (FoxP3) were determined by Western blot and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The abundance and diversity of intestinal flora as well as the proportion at the phylum and genus levels were assayed by 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing. Correlation between intestinal flora and Th17/Treg was analyzed by heatmap method.Results:On day 1 to 3 after radiation, compared with the control group, the body weight in model group was decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the model group, MXDD could alleviate weight loss and diarrhea caused by irradiation. At the phylum level, MXDD cause a significant increase in Firmicutes, and a decrease in Proteobacteria (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At the genus level, MXDD reduced the proportion of Escherichia-Shigella (P<0.01). In addition, IL-17 and FoxP3 mRNA and protein expression levels were down-regulated and RORγt was up-regulated by MXDD treatment (P<0.05). Besides, Firmicutes andLactobacillus were positively correlated with FoxP3 (r=0.73, 0.79, respectively; P<0.01), negatively correlated with IL-17 (r=0.66, 0.64, respectively; P<0.01 or P<0.05) and RORγt (r=0.73, 0.81, respectively; P<0.01).Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella both had positive correlation with IL-17 (r=0.77, 0.57, respectively; P<0.01 or P<0.05) and RORγt (r=0.94, 0.79, respectively; P<0.01) and negative correlation with FoxP3 (r=0.74, 0.65;P<0.01).Conclusion:MXDD could improve the survival status of irradiated rats by regulating the richness, diversity and composition of intestinal flora, and restoring the balance of Th17/Treg.Keywords：Modified Xijiao Dihuang Decoction;radiation enteritis;intestinal flora;Th17/Treg;Chinese medicine
- 145
- |
- 0
- |
- 4
Published：2021-08-16 -
Shenling Baizhu Powder (参苓白术散) Ameliorates Pi(Spleen)-Deficiency-Induced Functional Diarrhea in Rats
Abstract：Objective:To explore the mechanism of Pi (Spleen)-deficiency-induced functional diarrhea (FD) model rats treated by Shenling Baizhu Powder (参苓白术散, SBP).Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups including control, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose SBP groups (SBPLDG, SBPMDG, SBPHDG), 6 rats in each group, respectively. Pi-deficiency-induced FD rats model was developed through Radix et Rhizoma Rhei gavage for 7 days. After modeling, the rats were treated with 3 doses of SBP [0.93, 1.86, and 3.72 g/(kg•d)], and the rats in the control and model groups were given pure water for 7 days. The diarrhea index was calculated. On the 7th and 14th days, the traveled distance of rat was measured by the open field test. Serum D-xylose content was determined by the phloroglucinol method and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The content of Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry.Results:Compared with the control group, the diarrhea index and IL-17 level in the model group were significantly higher and the total exercise distance and D-xylose content significantly decreased (P<0.05). The expression of IL-10 in the SBPHDG group was significantly up-regulated, and serum D-xylose level and Treg cells increased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05).Conclusion:High-dose SBP exhibited ameliorating effects against Pi-deficiency induced FD, which might be attributed to its modulations on intestinal absorption function as well as adaptive immunity in mesenteric lymph nodes of rat.Keywords：functional diarrhea;Pi (Spleen)-deficiency;Shenling Baizhu Powder;T helper type 17 cells;Treg cells;Chinese medicine- 161
- |
- 1
- |
- 2
Published：2021-08-16 - Abstract：Objective:To observe the effect of San-Ao Decoction (三拗汤, SAD) on water metabolism of bronchial asthra model mice.Methods:Forty-five female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control, model and SAD groups by a random number table, 15 mice in each group. A composite method with ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge was developed to establish bronchial asthma model. Mice in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with distilled water without aerosol inhalation challenge. On day 15–22, 0.3 mL SAD was administered via gastric route in SAD group, one time per day, while an equivalent volume of normal saline was used for gastric administration in the control and model groups. Changes in airway resistance in the inspiratory phase (RI-R-Area) were detected using an AniRes2005 system, and 5-h urine output was collected by metabolic cages. Histopathological changes in lung and kidney were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. mRNA expressions of aquaporin (AQP) 1 and AQP2 in kidney were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the protein expressions of AQP1 and AQP2 in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used to detect the OVA-specific endothelium-1 (ET-1), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) levels in serum, lung and kidney tissues, respectively. The nitric oxide (NO) contents in serum, lung, and kidney tissues were tested by chemical method, respectively.Results:Compared with the control group, the serum IgE level in model group increased (P<0.01). Following the pathologic changes in lung tissue, no significant change in kidney tissue was observed among 3 groups. Compared with the control group, the mice in the model group showed elevated airway resistance during inhalation phase, higher mRNA and protein expression levels on AQP1 and AQP2 in kidney tissue and higher ET-1 levels in serum, lung and kidney tissues, ADH and ANP in lung and serum, PGE2 in kidney, Ang Ⅱ in lung and kidney tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but decreased in 5-h urinary output as well as NO and PGE2 contents in serum and lung tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the mice in the SAD group showed a weakened airway resistance in inspiratory phase, lower mRNA and protein expressions of AQP1 and AQP2 in kidney tissues, lower levels of ET-1, ADH, ANP in serum as well as ET-1, ANP, Ang Ⅱ levels in kidney tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01), whereas 5-h urinary output, NO content in kidney, ADH, ANP and PGE2 levels in lung and Ang Ⅱ in serum increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:San-Ao Decoction can regulate the urine volume through regulating AQP1 and AQP2 expression, and the expression of these in the kidneys might be regulated by ET-1, NO and Ang Ⅱ.Keywords：regulation of fluid passage;urine volume;aquaporin;San-Ao Decoction;bronchial asthma
- 129
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-16
Original Article
- Abstract：Objective:To investigate the effects of acupuncture on ovary morphology and function in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model rats.Methods:A total of 40 adult female Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups by a random number table, including control, model, metformin and acupuncture groups, 10 rats in each group. PCOS rat model was developed by injecting with DHEA (6 mg/100 g body weight) in 0.2 mL of oil subcutaneously. Electrical stimulation (2 Hz, 3 mA) was applied to Guanyuan (CV 4), Zigong (EX-CA1) and Qihai (CV 6) acupoints for 30 min daily in the acupuncture group, and metformin (200 mg/kg) was given to rats in the metformin group, both once per day for 21 consecutive days, and rats in the normal group was fed with normal saline and fed regularly. After 21 days of administration, the rat blood samples were collected for detecting the reproductive hormonal levels [luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T)] and inflammatory factors (visfatin, IL-6) analysis. Ovary tissue was used for histopathological analysis.Results:Compared with the model group, rats in the acupuncture and metformin groups were significantly lower in weight gain, FSH, LH and T levels, and E2 and P levels significantly increased (alll P<0.05). Meanwhile, LH and FSH levels were significantly decreased, and P, T and E2 levels significantly increased in the acupuncture group, compared with the metformin group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, IL-6 and visfatin levels were significantly decreased in the acupuncture and metformin groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in IL-6 and visfatin levels between the acupuncture and metformin groups (P>0.05). Ovarian diameter in the acupuncture and metformin groups were smaller than the model group (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in ovarian diameters between the acupuncture and metformin groups (P>0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture might improve ovary morphology and its function in DHEA-induced PCOS model rats.Keywords：acupuncture;ovary morphology;ovary function;inflammatory factor;polycystic ovary syndrome
- 152
- |
- 0
- |
- 2
Published：2021-08-16
Acupuncture Research
Case Report
- Abstract：Radix Astragali (RA), a traditional Chinese medicine from the dried root of Astragalus species, is widely distributed throughout the temperate regions of the world. The major bioactive constituents of RA are triterpene glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids, and these compounds mostly exert pharmacological activities on the cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, and hepatic systems. This review summarizes the recent studies on RA and provides a comprehensive summary regarding the status of resources, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, clinical application, and patent release of RA. We hope this review can provide a guidance for further development of therapeutic agents from RA.Keywords：Radix Astragali;ethnopharmacology;phytochemistry;pharmacology;clinical application;review
- 145
- |
- 1
- |
- 0
Published：2021-08-16
Review
- 邮编：100091
- 联系电话：010-62886827, 62877592 传真：010-62874291
- 技术支持由北京北大方正电子有限公司提供 京ICP备05067934号-1
京公网安备11010802024621 - 本系统建议在Chrome、 IE9+ 以上版本浏览器阅读本站内容，360浏览器请切换至极速模式
- Cookies帮助我们提供服务并提供个性化体验。使用本网站，即表示您同意我们使用Cookies
0