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      2025Year31Volume12Issue

        Original Article

      • Wenyang Lishui Formula Ameliorates Symptoms of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study

        XIN Xi-yan, WANG Yang, ZHANG Hua, ZHANG Jia-cheng, FAN Meng-jie, ZHANG Xi, XU Jing, YE Yang, HAO Xin-yu, LI Dong, LI Rong
        2025, 31(12): 1059-1068. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4213-2
        Abstract：Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of Wenyang Lishui Formula (WYLSF) in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and explore the suitable range of estradiol (E2) on the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day in patients with OHSS using WYLSF.Methods:Part Ⅰ: eligible patients at high risk for OHSS undergoing ovulation induction between January and December, 2023 were randomized into 2 groups based on the actual treatment. The treatment group received 200 mL WYLSF formula twice daily for 5 days after oocyte retrieval in a combination of lifestyle coaching (LC) intervention including regular diet and exercise, whereas the LC group received LC intervention alone. The incidence of OHSS, OHSS self-assessment scales, changes in E2 levels on HCG day and 5 days after oocyte retrieval, ovarian morphology changes, and menstrual recovery were compared between the two groups. Part Ⅱ: patients at high risk for OHSS treated with WYLSF were studied. The optimal E2 threshold on the HCG day was determined using the maximum selection test, and a multivariate analysis was adopted to compare the relationship between different E2 levels on HCG day and hospitalization rate, incidence of moderate to severe OHSS, and self-assessment scales, to explore the preventive effect of WYLSF on OHSS in patients with varying E2 levels.Results:A total of 120 patients were included in the Part Ⅰ analysis. The treatment group (60 cases) showed a significant reduction in the incidence, duration, and severity of abdominal distension, as well as the incidence of vomiting compared with the LC group (P<0.05). The post-retrieval E2 levels in the treatment group decreased significantly more (P=0.032). Among 1,652 patients treated with WYLSF in the Part Ⅱ, 90 patients with ≤10092 pmol/L, 159 with >31074 pmol/L, and 1,403 in the middle range group were formed based on E2 levels on HCG day in Part two analysis. Univariate and regression analyses showed that patients with E2 levels >31073 pmol/L had a significantly higher incidence of moderate to severe OHSS compared to those with E2 levels ≤10092 pmol/L (P<0.05).Conclusions:WYLSF can effectively reduce specific symptoms in high-risk OHSS patients after ovulation induction and significantly lower E2 levels. It may be more suitable for high-risk OHSS patients with E2 levels <31073 pmol/L on HCG day. (Registration No. MR-11-23-032493, https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/login)  
        Keywords：Wenyang Lishui Formula;ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome;prospective cohort study;Chinese medicine;preventive effect;estradiol   
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        Updated：2025-12-19
      • LU Pei-pei, YAN Lan, GENG Qi, LIN Lin, ZHANG Lu-lu, SHI Chang-qi, ZHAO Peng-cheng, ZHANG Xiao-meng, SHI Jian-yu, LYU Cheng
        2025, 31(12): 1069-1077. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4224-z
        Abstract：目的：探讨胶原诱导性关节炎（CIA）、博莱霉素（BLM）诱导的肺纤维化和CIA+BLM之间的共同机制，以评估雷公藤甲素（TP）对CIA+BLM的治疗效果。方法：36只雄性SD大鼠随机数字表随机分为6组（每组n=6）：正常对照组（NC）、CIA、BLM、CIA+BLM联合模型、TP低剂量组（TP-L，0.0931 mg/kg）和TP高剂量组（TP-H，0.1862 mg/kg）。CIA模型是通过在尾部底部皮内注射牛Ⅱ型胶原和不完全弗氏佐剂1:1混合乳剂，在第0天200μl，在第7天100μl。通过单次气管内注射BLM（5mg/kg）诱导肺纤维化。CIA+BLM模型结合了两种方案，TP从第14天到第35天灌胃给药。成功建模后，每3天记录一次关节炎评分，并在治疗期结束时评估一次肺功能。收集肺组织进行组织学分析、免疫组织化学、羟脯氨酸含量测定，对踝关节进行HE染色。肺组织中提取总RNA进行转录组学分析。将差异表达基因与公共数据库中RA-ILD患者数据集GSE199152中的基因进行比较，以鉴定重叠基因，将其用于构建蛋白质相互作用网络。使用多种拓扑算法鉴定Hub基因。结果：成功建立的CIA+BLM大鼠模型显示关节炎评分和严重肺纤维化显著增加（P<0.01）。将CIA、BLM和CIA+BLM大鼠肺组织转录组学分析获得的DEGs与RA-ILD患者的DEGs（GSE199152数据集）进行交叉，鉴定出50个上调和44个下调的基因。使用多种拓扑算法的集成PPI网络分析，IGF1被确定为中心枢纽基因。TP干预显著改善了肺功能，增加了峰值吸气流量（P<0.01），降低了肺指数和HYP含量（P<0.01）。组织病理学分析示，TP减轻了肺泡塌陷、间质增厚和肺组织胶原沉积（P<0.01）。同时，TP治疗降低了Ⅰ型胶原和α-SMA的表达，增加了E-cadherin水平，表明抑制了上皮间质转化（P<0.01）。TP还显著降低了关节炎评分，改善了滑膜炎症（P<0.05）。转录组学和免疫组织化学分析均证实，CIA+BLM组IGF1表达升高，TP治疗后表达下调（P<0.05）。结论：在CIA+BLM模型中，TP通过缓解关节炎和通过抑制IGF1实现肺纤维化介导的EMT。  
        Keywords：类风湿性关节炎;间质性肺病;肺纤维化;雷公藤甲素;中医药   
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        Updated：2025-12-19

      • 白藜芦醇通过抑制ROS介导的TXNIP/NLRP3通路减轻急性肺损伤

        HUANG Wen-han, FAN Kai-ying, SHENG Yi-ting, CAI Wan-ru
        2025, 31(12): 1078-1086. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4214-1
        Abstract：目的:评估白藜芦醇对急性肺损伤（Acute Lung Injury, ALI）的保护作用，并研究其通过活性氧（Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS）介导的硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein, TXNIP）/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3（NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3, NLRP3）通路发挥作用的潜在机制。方法：选择C57BL/6小鼠和J774A.1细胞作为研究对象。将30只小鼠随机分为5组，每组6只：0.9%生理盐水对照组、5 mg/kg脂多糖（Lipopolysaccharide, LPS）处理24小时组、25 mg/kg白藜芦醇 + 5 mg/kg LPS组、100 mg/kg白藜芦醇 + 5 mg/kg LPS组、以及4 mg/kg NLRP3抑制剂CY-09 + 5 mg/kg LPS组。对于细胞刺激，细胞先用5和20 μmol/L白藜芦醇预处理2小时，然后用或不使用1 μg/mL LPS和3 mmol/L 三磷酸腺苷（Adenosine Triphosphate, ATP）刺激2小时。抗氧化剂N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸（N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC, 2 μmol/L）作为阳性对照组。采用苏木精-伊红（Hematoxylin and Eosin, HE）染色评估LPS诱导的肺组织损伤程度，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, ELISA）评估血清和细胞上清液中白细胞介素-1β（Interleukin-1β, IL-1β）和IL-18的含量。使用相应试剂盒检测肺组织中ROS和丙二醛（Malondialdehyde, MDA）的水平。采用蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织中TXNIP、高迁移率族蛋白B1（High-Mobility Group Box 1, HMGB1）、NLRP3、以及半胱天冬酶-1（Cysteinyl Aspartate Specific Proteinase-1, Caspase-1）和Gasdermin D（GSDMD）及其剪切体的表达。此外，采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, RT-qPCR）分析相关炎症细胞因子的表达。使用流式细胞术和共聚焦激光显微镜检测ROS含量。使用透射电子显微镜观察线粒体形态变化，并使用免疫荧光检测HMGB1的表达。结果：白藜芦醇显著减轻了LPS诱导的肺损伤，表现为炎症、间质水肿和白细胞浸润减少（P<0.01）。它降低了血清中IL-1β和IL-18的水平（P<0.05），并在蛋白和mRNA水平上下调了NLRP3、IL-6和其他炎症标志物的表达（P<0.05）。值得注意的是，高剂量（100 mg/kg）的效果优于低剂量（25 mg/kg）。在巨噬细胞中，白藜芦醇在LPS和ATP刺激后降低了IL-1β和IL-18的水平，抑制了HMGB1的易位，并抑制了NLRP3炎症小体的形成和激活（P<0.05 或 P<0.01）。这些抗炎作用是通过抑制ROS积累（P<0.01）和线粒体功能障碍介导的。透射电子显微镜显示，白藜芦醇保护了线粒体结构，防止了LPS处理组中出现的线粒体损伤（P<0.01）。cleaved caspase-1、cleaved GSDMD和胞浆HMGB1的表达在白藜芦醇处理后均降低（P<0.01）。此外，白藜芦醇抑制了TXNIP与硫氧还蛋白的解离，从而阻断了NLRP3及其下游炎症细胞因子的后续激活（P<0.01）。同样，较高浓度（20 μmol/L）的白藜芦醇在体外表现出更优的效果。结论：白藜芦醇能够减轻ALI的炎症反应，并通过抑制ROS的过量产生来抑制NLRP3炎症小体的激活和细胞中HMGB1的水平。  
        Keywords：白藜芦醇;炎症;急性肺损伤;NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3;活性氧   
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        Updated：2025-12-19
      • LIU Ying, SHEN Jie, ZHANG Xing, PING Fan, QYU Kai, SHEN Xia
        2025, 31(12): 1087-1096. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4211-4
        Abstract：目的：通过探究逍遥丸（XYP）与肠道菌群和色氨酸代谢的相互作用，探讨其抗抑郁效果。方法：运用网络药理学技术，确定XYP治疗抑郁症的功能物质群、关键靶点及作用通路。采用慢性不可预知温和应激（CUMS）方案在雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（8周龄，体重220±20g）上建立抑郁模型。根据体重随机将30只大鼠分为3组（每组10只）：对照组、CUMS组及XYP组（1.8g/kg）。干预28天后，通过糖水偏好实验（SPT）和旷场实验（OFT）进行行为表型分析。生化验证包括血清皮质醇酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、苏木精-伊红组织病理学染色（HE）及免疫组化检测。采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术分析血清代谢物谱，粪便样本经宏基因组测序鉴定肠道菌群特征。结果：网络药理学研究表明，关键成分可通过调节血脑屏障炎症通路保护神经系统。SPT和OFT实验显示，XYP治疗显著改善抑郁样行为（所有P<0.05）。XYP 治疗不仅恢复了海马神经元密度，还显著提升了血清中5-羟色胺和血管活性肠肽（VIP）等神经递质水平，同时有效抑制了肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素-1β（IL- 1β）和IL-6等炎症标志物（所有P<0.05）。宏基因组学分析显示肠道菌群发生显著的重组，其中对Parabacteroides distasonis的调控尤为突出（P<0.05）。非靶向代谢组学分析表明，色氨酸和犬尿氨酸途径的代谢物水平发生显著变化（VIP>1，P<0.05），且代谢通量的变化与行为改善存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。结论：XYP通过提升神经递质水平、降低炎症标志物及调控Parabacteroides distasonis来发挥抗抑郁作用。通过进一步的代谢组学研究发现，XYP可能通过调节色氨酸代谢在抑郁症中发挥保护作用。  
        Keywords：逍遥丸;抑郁;肠道微生物群;色氨酸;代谢   
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        Updated：2025-12-19
      • YANG Man, CHENG Kang, GU Jie, WU Hua-li, LI Yi-ming
        2025, 31(12): 1097-1104. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4218-x
        Abstract：Objective:To explore the inhibitory effects of Nardostachys Jatamansi DC. volatile oil (NJVO) on psychological factors substance P (SP)/cortisol (CORT)-induced hyperpigmentation.Methods:The model of psychologically-induced hyperpigmentation of B16F10 cells was created using SP (10 nmol/L) + CORT (10 μmol/L) for 72 h. The levels of melanin content, tyrosinase (TYR) activity using NaOH lysis and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation methods were assessed, respectively. The effect of NJVO on SP/CORT-induced normal human skin tissue pigmentation was detected by Masson staining. Protein expressions of tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-relative protein 2 (DCT), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor were determined using Western blot. The melanosome number, maturation, and melanosomal structure changes were detected through transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence experiments. In vivo, zebrafish pigment content was evaluated in SP/CORT-induced zebrafish hyperpigmentation model.Results:NJVO significantly reduced the melanin content (P<0.01) and inhibited tyrosinase activity (P<0.01), the pigmentation of the normal skin tissue in the NJVO group was significantly lower than that in the SP/CORT group (P<0.05). And NJVO considerably downregulated expressions of melanogenesis-related proteins (TYR, TRP-1, DCT) in cells (P<0.01). In addition, the number of melanosomes was decreased and the dentrites formation of B16F10 cells was inhibited after NJVO treatment (P<0.01). In vivo, NJVO significantly reduced the pigment content in the zebrafish body (P<0.01).Conclusion:NJVO effectively reversed SP/CORT-induced hyperpigmentation by suppressing the activity and expression of TYR and TRPs and inhibiting melanosome maturation in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells.  
        Keywords：melanogenesis;Nardostachys jatamansi DC. volatile oil;psychological factors;melanosome;tyrosinase activity;Chinese medicine   
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        Updated：2025-12-19

        Acupuncture Research

      • PANG Cong-hui, GUO Dan-yang, WANG Qi, WANG Ke-hua, LIAN Fang
        2025, 31(12): 1105-1112. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4216-z
        Abstract：Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproduction and mitochondrial function of granulosa cells (GCs) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and phlegm-dampness syndrome.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, 90 infertile women with PCOS and phlegm-dampness syndrome were recruited between August 2022 and December 2022. Patients were randomly assigned to the EA and control groups using a random sequence of codes in the order of enrolment, with 45 in in each group. Both groups underwent the ovarian stimulation protocol. The patients in the EA group received EA therapy including Zhongwan (CV 12), Qihai (CV 6), bilateral Xuehai (SP 10), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Tianshu (ST 25), Zusanli (ST 36), and Fenglong (ST 40), and the patients in the control group was treated with pseudo-acupuncture. The intervention was 25 min twice a week for a total of 6 times until the trigger day after menstruation had ended in the cycle before oocyte retrieval. The primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and the number of high-quality embryos. The secondary outcomes were (1) pregnancy-related indicators, including fresh embryo transfer rate (ETR), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate, early pregnancy loss rate (ePLR), ectopic pregnancy rate, live birth rate (LBR), and cumulative CPR; (2) mitochondrial autophagy and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in GCs; and (3) scoring for Chinese medicine syndrome. Adverse events to assess clinical safety were also monitored.Results:The cumulative CPR was significantly higher in the EA group (42/45, 93.3%) than in the control group (38/45, 84.4%, P=0.036). The number of high-quality embryos and fresh ETR in the EA group were higher than those in the control group (3.80±1.65 vs. 2.44±1.34, P<0.001; 46.7% vs 24.4%, P=0.028). Ectopic pregnancies were not observed in either group. There were no significant differences in the fresh CPR, OHSS rate, ePLR or LBR between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the EA group showed lower expression levels of miR-146a-5p mRNA and P62 protein in GCs and higher levels of MMP and the LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein ratio (all P<0.01). The phlegm-dampness syndrome scores of the EA group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01).Conclusions:EA significantly improved pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS and phlegm dampness syndrome. Mechanistically, this effect may be related to EA in decreasing miR-146a-5p mRNA expression, promoting mitochondrial autophagy in GCs, and improving mitochondrial function, which may contribute to improved oocyte quality. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2200062915)  
        Keywords：electroacupuncture;mitochondria autophagy;oocyte quality;polycystic ovary syndrome;phlegm-dampness syndrome   
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        Updated：2025-12-19

        Clinical Experience

      • LIU Yan-yi, HOU Gai-hua, XIA Kun, YAO Xiao-yan, WANG Yi, LI Guang-xi
        2025, 31(12): 1113-1118. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-3924-8
        Abstract：Objective:To investigate the effect of traditional Chinese Five-body balance exercise on patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm).Methods:Fifteen patients with PRISm and 15 patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were recruited from the Outpatient Department of Guang'anmen Hospital and Beijing Niujie Health Service Center from April to December, 2023. Participants in both groups attended supervised Five-body balance exercise training twice a week for 12 weeks. Patients with COPD continued their regular medication regimen during the intervention period. The endpoints were mean changes in the 6-min walk test (6MWT), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), pulmonary function, and scores of COPD assessment test (CAT), modified British Medical Research Council, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale from baseline to 12 weeks. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study.Results:The PRISm group showed a significant improvement from baseline to week 12 in 6MWT, SGRQ symptom score, and forced vital capacity (FVC) compared to the COPD group (P<0.05). No significant between-group changes were observed in other outcome measurements (P>0.05). In addition, compared with baseline, both groups exhibited improvements in 6MWT, SGRQ score, and CPET at week 12 (P<0.05). The PRISm group also showed a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and FVC, as well as a significant decrease in CAT score at week 12 (P<0.05). No adverse events were reported.Conclusion:Patients with PRISm may benefit from Five-body balance exercise training, which can improve the exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and lung function. (Registration No. ChiCTR2200059290)  
        Keywords：preserved ratio impaired spirometry;pulmonary rehabilitation;exercise capacity;quality of life;Five-body balance exercise   
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        Updated：2025-12-19

        Herbal and Batanical Review

      • Kaempferol—A Natural Drug for Rheumatoid Arthritis

        HONG Hong-mei, ZHOU Jia-wang, LI Ming-yu, HAO Gui-feng, XIE Zhi-jun
        2025, 31(12): 1119-1128. DOI: 10.1007/s11655-025-4225-y
          
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        Updated：2025-12-19
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