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Volume 31 ， Issue 12 ， 2025
- Abstract：Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of Wenyang Lishui Formula (WYLSF) in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and explore the suitable range of estradiol (E2) on the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day in patients with OHSS using WYLSF.Methods:Part Ⅰ: eligible patients at high risk for OHSS undergoing ovulation induction between January and December, 2023 were randomized into 2 groups based on the actual treatment. The treatment group received 200 mL WYLSF formula twice daily for 5 days after oocyte retrieval in a combination of lifestyle coaching (LC) intervention including regular diet and exercise, whereas the LC group received LC intervention alone. The incidence of OHSS, OHSS self-assessment scales, changes in E2 levels on HCG day and 5 days after oocyte retrieval, ovarian morphology changes, and menstrual recovery were compared between the two groups. Part Ⅱ: patients at high risk for OHSS treated with WYLSF were studied. The optimal E2 threshold on the HCG day was determined using the maximum selection test, and a multivariate analysis was adopted to compare the relationship between different E2 levels on HCG day and hospitalization rate, incidence of moderate to severe OHSS, and self-assessment scales, to explore the preventive effect of WYLSF on OHSS in patients with varying E2 levels.Results:A total of 120 patients were included in the Part Ⅰ analysis. The treatment group (60 cases) showed a significant reduction in the incidence, duration, and severity of abdominal distension, as well as the incidence of vomiting compared with the LC group (P<0.05). The post-retrieval E2 levels in the treatment group decreased significantly more (P=0.032). Among 1,652 patients treated with WYLSF in the Part Ⅱ, 90 patients with ≤10092 pmol/L, 159 with >31074 pmol/L, and 1,403 in the middle range group were formed based on E2 levels on HCG day in Part two analysis. Univariate and regression analyses showed that patients with E2 levels >31073 pmol/L had a significantly higher incidence of moderate to severe OHSS compared to those with E2 levels ≤10092 pmol/L (P<0.05).Conclusions:WYLSF can effectively reduce specific symptoms in high-risk OHSS patients after ovulation induction and significantly lower E2 levels. It may be more suitable for high-risk OHSS patients with E2 levels <31073 pmol/L on HCG day. (Registration No. MR-11-23-032493, https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/login)Keywords：Wenyang Lishui Formula;ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome;prospective cohort study;Chinese medicine;preventive effect;estradiol0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
- Abstract：Objective:To investigate the common mechanisms among collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and CIA+BLM to evaluate the therapeutic effect of triptolide (TP) on CIA+BLM.Methods:Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups according to a random number table (n=6 per group): normal control (NC), CIA, BLM, combined CIA+BLM model, TP low-dose (TP-L, 0.0931 mg/kg), and TP high-dose (TP-H, 0.1862 mg/kg) groups. The CIA model was induced by intradermal injection at the base of the tail with emulsion of bovine type Ⅱ collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant (1:1), with 200 μL administered on day 0 and a booster of 100 μL on day 7. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced via a single intratracheal injection of BLM (5 mg/kg). The CIA+BLM model combined both protocols, and TP was administered orally from day 14 to 35. After successful modeling, arthritis scores were recorded every 3 days, and pulmonary function was assessed once at the end of the treatment period. Lung tissues were collected for histological analysis (hematoxylin eosin and Masson staining), immunohistochemistry, measurement of hydroxyproline (HYP) content, and calculation of lung coefficient. In addition, HE staining was performed on the ankle joint. Total RNA was extracted from lung tissues for transcriptomic analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared with those from the RA-associated interstitial lung diseases patient dataset GSE199152 to identify overlapping genes, which were then used to construct a protein-protein interaction network. Hub genes were identified using multiple topological algorithms.Results:The successfully established CIA+BLM rat model exhibited significantly increased arthritis scores and severe pulmonary fibrosis (P<0.01). By intersecting the DEGs obtained from transcriptomic analysis of lung tissues in CIA, BLM, and CIA+BLM rats with DEGs from rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease patients (GSE199152 dataset), 50 upregulated and 44 downregulated genes were identified. Through integrated PPI network analysis using multiple topological algorithms, IGF1 was identified as a central hub gene. TP intervention significantly improved pulmonary function by increasing peak inspiratory flow (P<0.01), and reduced lung index and HYP content (P<0.01). Histopathological analysis showed that TP alleviated alveolar collapse, interstitial thickening, and collagen deposition in the lung tissues (P<0.01). Moreover, TP treatment reduced the expression of collagen type Ⅰ and α-SMA and increased E-cadherin levels (P<0.01). TP also significantly reduced arthritis scores and ameliorated synovial inflammation (P<0.05). Both transcriptomic and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed that IGF1 expression was elevated in the CIA+BLM group and downregulated following TP treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion:TP exerts protective effects in the CIA+BLM model by alleviating arthritis and pulmonary fibrosis through the inhibition of IGF1-mediated EMT.Keywords：rheumatoid arthritis;interstitial lung disease;triptolide;pulmonary fibrosis;Chinese medicine0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
- Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the protective effects of resveratrol against acute lung injury (ALI) and investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway.Methods:C57BL/6 mice and J774A.1 cells were selected as the researchsubjects. Thirty Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 in each group: controlwith 0.9% saline, 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 24 h, 25 mg/kg resveratrol + 5 mg/kgLPS, 100 mg/kg resveratrol + 5 mg/kg LPS, and 4 mg/kg NLRP3 inhibitor CY-09 + 5 mg/kgLPS. For cell stimulation, cells were pretreated with 5 and 20 μmol/L resveratrol for2 h, and stimulated with or without 1 μg/mL LPS and 3 mmol/L ATP for 2 h. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, 2 μmol/L) was used as the positive control group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the degree of lung LPS-induced tissue damage, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 in the serum and cell supernatant. ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the lung tissue were detected using the corresponding kits. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of TXNIP, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), NLRP3, as well as cysteine-aspartic acid protease 1 (caspase-1) and gasdermin D (GSDMD) along with their cleaved forms in lung tissue. Additionally, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the expression of related inflammatory cytokines. ROS content was detected using flow cytometry and confocal laser microscopy. Mitochondrial morphological changes were observed using transmission electron microscopy, and HMGB1 expression was detected using immunofluorescence.Results:Resveratrol significantly alleviated LPS-induced lung damage with reduced inflammation, interstitial edema, and leukocyte infiltration (P<0.01). It also decreased serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05), while downregulating the expressions of NLRP3, IL-6, and other inflammatory markers at both the protein and mRNA levels (P<0.05). Notably, the higher dose (100 mg/kg) demonstrated a better effect than the lower dose (25 mg/kg). In macrophages, resveratrol reduced IL-1β and IL-18 following LPS and ATP stimulation, suppressed HMGB1 translocation, and inhibited formation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome (P<0.05 or P<0.01). These anti-inflammatory effects were mediated through suppression ROS accumulation (P<0.01) and mitochondrial dysfunction. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that resveratrol preserved mitochondrial structure, preventing the mitochondrial damage in LPS-treated groups (P<0.01). The expressions of cleaved caspase-1, cleaved GSDMD, and cytoplasmic HMGB1 were all reduced following resveratrol treatment (P<0.01). Moreover, resveratrol inhibited dissociation of TXNIP from thioredoxin, blocking subsequent activation of NLRP3 and downstream inflammatory cytokines (P<0.01). Similarly, the higher concentration of resveratrol (20 μmol/L) exhibited superior efficacy in vitro.Conclusion:Resveratrol can reduce the inflammatory response following ALI and inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the level of HMGB1 in the cytoplasm by inhibiting ROS overproduction.Keywords：resveratrol;inflammation;acute lung injury;NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domin-containing associated protein 3;reactive oxygen species0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
- Abstract：Objective:To investigate the antidepressant effects of Xiaoyao Pill (XYP) by exploring its interactions with gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.Methods:Utilizing network pharmacology, the functional substance groups, key targets, and pathways of XYP in the treatment of depression were identified. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol was implemented in male Sprague-Dawley rats to establish depression model. Thirty rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their body weight (10 for each): control, CUMS and XYP groups (1.8 g/kg). After 28-day interventions, behavioral phenotyping including sucrose preference test (SPT) and open field test (OFT) were performed. Biochemical validation encompassed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum cortisol, hematoxylin-eosin histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to profile serum metabolites, while fecal samples underwent metagenomic sequencing for gut microbiota characterization.Results:Network pharmacology studies predicted that key components can protect the nervous system by regulating inflammatory pathways through the blood-brain barrier. SPT and OFT showed that XYP treatment significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors (all P<0.05). XYP treatment also restored hippocampal neuronal density, increased serum neurotransmitter levels of neurotransmitters such as 5-hydroxytryptamine and vasoactive intestinal peptide, and while suppressing inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 (all P<0.05). Metagenomics revealed significant restructuring of gut microbiota, notably the regulation of Parabacteroides distasonis (P<0.05). Non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that the level of metabolites in the tryptophan and kynurenine pathway significantly changed (variable importance in the projection >1, P<0.05), and the change of metabolic flux was significantly correlated with behavioral improvement (P<0.05).Conclusions:XYP exerts antidepressant effects by increasing neurotransmitter levels, reducing inflammatory makers and modulating Parabacteroides distasonis. Through further exploration of metabolomics, we found that XYP may play a protective role in depression by regulating tryptophan metabolism.Keywords：Xiaoyao Pill;depression;intestinal microbiota;tryptophan metabolism;chronic stress0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
- Abstract：Objective:To explore the inhibitory effects of Nardostachys Jatamansi DC. volatile oil (NJVO) on psychological factors substance P (SP)/cortisol (CORT)-induced hyperpigmentation.Methods:The model of psychologically-induced hyperpigmentation of B16F10 cells was created using SP (10 nmol/L) + CORT (10 μmol/L) for 72 h. The levels of melanin content, tyrosinase (TYR) activity using NaOH lysis and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation methods were assessed, respectively. The effect of NJVO on SP/CORT-induced normal human skin tissue pigmentation was detected by Masson staining. Protein expressions of tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-relative protein 2 (DCT), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor were determined using Western blot. The melanosome number, maturation, and melanosomal structure changes were detected through transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence experiments. In vivo, zebrafish pigment content was evaluated in SP/CORT-induced zebrafish hyperpigmentation model.Results:NJVO significantly reduced the melanin content (P<0.01) and inhibited tyrosinase activity (P<0.01), the pigmentation of the normal skin tissue in the NJVO group was significantly lower than that in the SP/CORT group (P<0.05). And NJVO considerably downregulated expressions of melanogenesis-related proteins (TYR, TRP-1, DCT) in cells (P<0.01). In addition, the number of melanosomes was decreased and the dentrites formation of B16F10 cells was inhibited after NJVO treatment (P<0.01). In vivo, NJVO significantly reduced the pigment content in the zebrafish body (P<0.01).Conclusion:NJVO effectively reversed SP/CORT-induced hyperpigmentation by suppressing the activity and expression of TYR and TRPs and inhibiting melanosome maturation in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells.Keywords：melanogenesis;Nardostachys jatamansi DC. volatile oil;psychological factors;melanosome;tyrosinase activity;Chinese medicine0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
Original Article
- Abstract：Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproduction and mitochondrial function of granulosa cells (GCs) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and phlegm-dampness syndrome.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, 90 infertile women with PCOS and phlegm-dampness syndrome were recruited between August 2022 and December 2022. Patients were randomly assigned to the EA and control groups using a random sequence of codes in the order of enrolment, with 45 in in each group. Both groups underwent the ovarian stimulation protocol. The patients in the EA group received EA therapy including Zhongwan (CV 12), Qihai (CV 6), bilateral Xuehai (SP 10), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Tianshu (ST 25), Zusanli (ST 36), and Fenglong (ST 40), and the patients in the control group was treated with pseudo-acupuncture. The intervention was 25 min twice a week for a total of 6 times until the trigger day after menstruation had ended in the cycle before oocyte retrieval. The primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and the number of high-quality embryos. The secondary outcomes were (1) pregnancy-related indicators, including fresh embryo transfer rate (ETR), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate, early pregnancy loss rate (ePLR), ectopic pregnancy rate, live birth rate (LBR), and cumulative CPR; (2) mitochondrial autophagy and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in GCs; and (3) scoring for Chinese medicine syndrome. Adverse events to assess clinical safety were also monitored.Results:The cumulative CPR was significantly higher in the EA group (42/45, 93.3%) than in the control group (38/45, 84.4%, P=0.036). The number of high-quality embryos and fresh ETR in the EA group were higher than those in the control group (3.80±1.65 vs. 2.44±1.34, P<0.001; 46.7% vs 24.4%, P=0.028). Ectopic pregnancies were not observed in either group. There were no significant differences in the fresh CPR, OHSS rate, ePLR or LBR between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the EA group showed lower expression levels of miR-146a-5p mRNA and P62 protein in GCs and higher levels of MMP and the LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein ratio (all P<0.01). The phlegm-dampness syndrome scores of the EA group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01).Conclusions:EA significantly improved pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS and phlegm dampness syndrome. Mechanistically, this effect may be related to EA in decreasing miR-146a-5p mRNA expression, promoting mitochondrial autophagy in GCs, and improving mitochondrial function, which may contribute to improved oocyte quality. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2200062915)Keywords：electroacupuncture;mitochondria autophagy;oocyte quality;polycystic ovary syndrome;phlegm-dampness syndrome0|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
Acupuncture Research
- Abstract：Objective:To investigate the effect of traditional Chinese Five-body balance exercise on patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm).Methods:Fifteen patients with PRISm and 15 patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were recruited from the Outpatient Department of Guang'anmen Hospital and Beijing Niujie Health Service Center from April to December, 2023. Participants in both groups attended supervised Five-body balance exercise training twice a week for 12 weeks. Patients with COPD continued their regular medication regimen during the intervention period. The endpoints were mean changes in the 6-min walk test (6MWT), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), pulmonary function, and scores of COPD assessment test (CAT), modified British Medical Research Council, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale from baseline to 12 weeks. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study.Results:The PRISm group showed a significant improvement from baseline to week 12 in 6MWT, SGRQ symptom score, and forced vital capacity (FVC) compared to the COPD group (P<0.05). No significant between-group changes were observed in other outcome measurements (P>0.05). In addition, compared with baseline, both groups exhibited improvements in 6MWT, SGRQ score, and CPET at week 12 (P<0.05). The PRISm group also showed a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and FVC, as well as a significant decrease in CAT score at week 12 (P<0.05). No adverse events were reported.Conclusion:Patients with PRISm may benefit from Five-body balance exercise training, which can improve the exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and lung function. (Registration No. ChiCTR2200059290)Keywords：preserved ratio impaired spirometry;pulmonary rehabilitation;exercise capacity;quality of life;Five-body balance exercise1|0|0Updated：2025-12-19
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